The human nervous system consists of several parts. The main structures are the brain and the spinal cord. The system includes nerves that sense external and internal stimuli and then relay the information to the central processing unit -- the brain.

The brain is the portion of the vertebrate central nervous system that constitutes the organ of thought and neural coordination. It includes all the higher nervous centers, receiving stimuli from the sense organs and interpreting and correlating them to formulate the motor impulses. It is made up of neuronal cells, supporting and nutritive structures, and is enclosed within the skull. The brain is continuous with the spinal cord through the foramen magnum - the opening in the skull through which the spinal cord passes to become the medulla oblongata.

The knowledge we have of brain structure, function and interrelativity has been substantially accelerated over the last century. This is largely due to advances in nuclear medicine…technological advances in noninvasive methods of studying and viewing brain structure and the actual ability to visually measure live neural activity in relation to activity. The scope of this paper is to

Introduction to Psychology, Exploration and Application, Fifth Edition

The cerebral cortex is the wrinkled looking outer layer of the cerebrum, and, when fully grown, it completely covers the brain structures. From every nerve cell (neuron), fibers pass to other neurons, both of the cortex and of the other brain parts. Trillions of lines of communication, called synaptic connections, connect one region of gray matter with another, and these in turn with distant organs. By such means the brain is in communication with the lungs, heart and other bodily organs, with the specialized cells that serve as the receptors of touch, taste, smell, vision, hearing and with the muscles.

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