Pierce, perhaps unknowingly offering insult to Tolstoy, proposed that people adopt beliefs as an escape from their inability to understand the world. Tolstoy, in religious fervor, determined that, because one believes in God, there is no need to fear the confusing world. Both philosophers believed that humans were neither diligent nor intelligent enough to interpret reality and react appropriately so they responded with a rather simple solution. To live without routines and values and to have pure experience, we must live spontaneously. Anything that restricts our spontaneity – reason, habit, and monotony – must be di

Finally, Sartre believed that humans do not have an essence and therefore do not ascribe to one determined future. He thought that there was no reason behind what happens and held forth that they could happen any other way. This freedom from an unyielding future should also serve man. A person may think that their routine or their identity forces them to behave in a certain way and that they could not act otherwise. However, just as an object contains the possibility for any future, human beings possess the freedom to choose their own actions. Sartre felt that any identity or perceived lack of choice interfered with the ability to experience reality and that we should not hinder that experience by limiting its possible outcomes.

A real experience is probably the only thing worth having because, by truly experiencing the reality of a moment, of an object, of a person, we can appreciate untainted and unconditional knowledge. We have discussed a variety of theories that were proposed as answers to this universal problem and the consensus seems to be that preconceptions, opinions, judgments and values all work to confuse and obscure the reality of an experience. To truly experience something I must become that thing – be it through the employment of imagination, sympathy, intuition or spontaneity – and, in becoming the thing, I gain a type of intellectual sympathy t

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