e Roman Catholic Church in England. This had terrible effects on the Anglican Church. The methods in which James ruled were discriminatory against Anglicans. James fled to France, when William of Orange arrived with an army. After James had fled, Jonathan Swift became secretary to the prominent Whig, Sir William Temple. Because Swift believed that Roman Catholics had no part in English government and the Whigs objected to this idea, Swift changed parties and became a Tory. He would remain a Tory for the rest of his life. (Barron?s) The main character of Gulliver?s Travels is Lemur Gulliver. Gulliver makes four voyages and in each voyage he either is shipwrecked, abandoned, or banished from his ship. On the last journey, Gulliver took an adventurous offer as commissioned captain of a merchant ship bound for the western side of South America. The crew suffers fierce storms and many of the sailors perished, and the sailors take over the ship through a mutiny. The sailors were quick to get rid of the captain and at the first island they sail past, they abandoned Gulliver. On the Island, Gulliver is attacked by the unknown and strange beasts called Yahoos, but the beasts are quickly frightened away by two horses. The horses seemed to converse with each other is a language that was unknown to Gulliver. The two horses take Gulliver to a wood dwelling. Inside he meets a horse whom Gulliver perceives as the leader and the leader allowed him to stay at the dwelling. He spends the rest of his three years stay on the island learning the language and describing the human civilization and culture to the Houyhnhnms. These educated horses call themselves Houyhnhnms and they call the beasts that attacked Gulliver, Yahoos. Through these talks Gulliver is edified by the Houyhnhnms? superior rationality. He deduces from one of these talks that two Yahoos had appeared on the island many years before Gulliver. Through succeeding generations these "humans" lost the ability to use reason. Gulliver is able to do infer that these beasts show many similarities to humans. Gulliver is made to leave the island, because he is so similar to the Yahoos. ?for they alleged that because I had some rudiments of reason, added to the natural pravity of those animals, it was to be feared I might be able to seduce them into the woody and mountainous parts of the country, and bring them in troops by night to destroy the Houyhnhnms cattle, as being naturally of the ravenous kind, and averse from labor. (Swift 508-509) In part IV of Gulliver's Travels, Swift created an island inhabited by two contrasting species. The more advanced and rational Houyhnhnms, are horses whose actions reason governs. The Houyhnhnms have a language, a simple government, and basic building skills. They can only act right, because they can not act wrong. They do not lie, cheat, steal, or fight. They do not possess feelings such as love, hate, or jealously. The Houyhnhnms do not have a religion or a belief in a higher being. They live in a utopian culture, because their rational behavior makes the culture perfect. They share the island with the human-like Yahoos. The Yahoos are the descendants of two rational humans who appeared many years before Gulliver arrived on the island. The separation from the civilized world caused the descendants to lose their rational nature. Without the ability to act or think rationally the Yahoos became very violent. Swift will use the Yahoos and the Houyhnhnms to prove his theory that reason is the essence of man. The Yahoo is a representation of how lack of reason turns man into a slave to his appetites and passions. The Yahoos have violent

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