Absolutism and Constitutionali

The roots of absolutism in France go back to the reign of Henry IV, this later reduced the influence of the nobles and made some economic reforms that helped to prosper. After Henry's death, the young king Louis XIII, influenced by his Prime Minister Richelieu, got the power. Richelieu aimed to give the monarchy absolute power over all the groups and institutions. Thus he installed royal commissaries in 32 districts to decide order and execute. He also dealt with foreign affairs by trying to destroy the fence of the Habsburg. Eventually, Richelieu succeeded to solve the financial problems by securing the cooperati

The thirty years’ war gave rise to the Habsburgs of Austria. These later tried to ban Protestantism. But they experienced many clashes with the nobles who were strong enough to hinder absolutism. The Hbsburgs also confronted the Othamans and did succeed to reflect their attacks. as a result, the Hubsburgs never succeeded to centralize the power in one area ,an there were three main territories: the old hereditary provinces of Austria, the kingdom of Bohemia, and the kingdom of Hungary, each one with its own laws and politics.

Between the 13th and the 15th century, Russia was between the hands of the Mongols; the khan was the supreme ruler and the Russian princes were charged of collecting taxes and putting down local rebellions. Meanwhile some Russian princes were acquiring more wealth and power until Ivan III came to power and declared himself as a supreme ruler and rejected the khan. To guarantee the loyalty of the nobles, he required them to serve in his army if they want to keep their lands. After Ivan III, came Ivan the Terrible, he pushed absolutism to the edge by requiring that everybody without exception is to server the tsar. This made some peasants leave to the newly conquered territories to form outlaws groups and armies called the Cossacks. After the death of Ivan IV, Russia entered a new era of disorder and conflicts. With Michael Romanoff, a gradual re-establishment of tsarist autocracy took place, and the Cossacks were defeated. Peter the Great who came to power in 1682 also introduced some reforms. The reforms attained mainly the army that enhanced his monarchial absolutism.

After 1400, the nobility power increased at t

Some topics in this essay:
, Habsburgs Austria, Louis XIV, English Dutch, Frederick William, Edict Nantes, James Charles, Brandenburg Prussia, Minister Richelieu, Michael Romanoff, wars conflicts, absolute power, power tried, frederick william, ivan iii, middle class, louis xiv, dutch republic, supreme ruler, russian princes,