1991 was one of the most talked about points in history. It was the fall of the Soviet Union, the fall of communism. It was a time when Russia went through economic, religious, social and educational changes. The people of Russia were trying to establish themselves as separate republics, with their own characteristics. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, their have been many educational reforms, beginning with the General Education Reform Act which was put into place by Gorbechev in 1988 (Avis, pg. 141).

During this time, economic education at all levels was key to the achievement of the economic literacy that was necessary for success. Students in institutions of higher education, nearing entry into the labor force, needed economic education to participate in the economy effectively as workers, managers, and entrepreneurs, and also to become effective teachers of younger students. A challenge was then faced, a challenge in the development of courses and programs in economics and other market-oriented fields, such as accounting, management, and banking. This is because there was competition in the new Russian society. A competition to prosp

 JOEL L. BURDIN; ROBERT MURRAY THOMAS, “Educational Review”, 1995,

However, the only solution is to revive the Soviet-era practice of compelling teacher trainees to work for a certain period after graduation. This would allow them to maximize experiences before really getting into the Russian educational system. However, without better funding, little can be expected to change. "Education is fundamental, and the Russian society will die unless they begin to seriously invest in their schools.”

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The U.S. on the other hand was made aware that education was imperative and necessary for people to become successful. The United States realized that education was a valuable tool, which needed to survive in the up and coming society. The United States also became aware of the fact that school was the key to what was going to be needed in order to get the best jobs available. Consequently, the United States created Elementary schools that carried a student to teacher ratio of 1 teacher to 22 students (Board of Ed.).

Unfortunately, this is also where the environmental layout of crumbling eight-story prefabricated concrete boxes surround high-rise housing estates in southwest Moscow. This is a place where volunteer parents could be found painting the school buildings that have sputtering light fixtures, bad plumbing, and over grown grounds. This is also a place where the teachers earn less than 50 dollars a month (Woodard p25). For example, the teachers are constantly reminded that pencils can be used right down to their stubs, a piece of paper has two sides, and lessons written on a blackboard can be left for the next class to save chalk.

Some topics in this essay:
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