Wilson is concerned with the effect of human values on the environment. Because of human selfishness, Wilson believes we are endangering ourselves. Humans live to better themselves and hardly ever take time to help others. Wilson says, “Individuals place themselves first, family second, tribe third and the rest of the world a distant fourth” (502). So often we fret over things that are unimportant and fail to recognize at any moment, a natural disaster may occur. In addition, the human species “are tribal and aggressively territorial […]” (502). Because of our lack of self-control, we often find cooperation in the family to come uneasily.

Like Wilson, Cronon is also concerned with the effect of human va

Cronon is an environmentalist who’s concerned with the wilderness and maintaining its original state. Cronon believes when humans go into the wilderness it is no longer considered wild. Often humans disrupt the wilderness by cutting down trees and digging for minerals and never stop to realize the danger we place on the wildlife. Cronon says, “Far from being the one place on earth that stands apart from humanity, it is quite profoundly a human creation […]” (559). Because of such methods like slash and burn, the wilderness is becoming closer to its end and in turn the end of many species.

Wilson tends to focus on the rules of biology. Wilson believes that “Earth is finite in many resources” (503). Because earth is meant to last for eternity, there should be no reason to fret over the belief that there will soon be nothing left. In the case of a serious problem, humans “force of will and — who knows — divine dispensation, will find a solution” (504). Although many are concerned with extinction, exemptionalists feel that this is not an issue for it is only nature’s way. By worrying about what might happen to the environment, we are only placing restrictions on future economic development.

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