IN A ROOM WITH A VIEW by E.M. FORSTER

From: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition.2001 and Bartleby.com

SATIRE: A term applied to any work of literature or art whose objective is ridicule. It is more easily recognized than defined. From ancient times satirists have shared a common aim: to expose foolishness in all its guises—vanity, hypocrisy, pedantry, idolatry, bigotry, sentimentality—and to effect reform through such exposure. The many diverse forms their statements have taken reflect the origin of the word satire, which is derived from the Latin satura, meaning “dish of mixed fruits,” hence a medley.

IRONY: The figure of speech in which what is stated is not what is meant. The user of irony assumes that his reader or listener understands the concealed meaning of his statement. Perhaps the simplest form of irony is rhetorical irony, when, for effect, a speaker says the direct opposite of what she means. Thus, in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, when Mark Antony refers in his funeral oration to Brutus and his fellow assassins as “honorable men” he is really saying that they are totally dishonorable and not to be trusted. Dramatic irony occurs in a play w

5. The scene with Phaethon and Persephone, the lovers in Chapter VI, exposes the shock and disgust with which such blatant demonstrations of human devotion were received. Described as “indecorous proceedings” they upset the group until they are separated, leaving the unfortunate Persephone to follow on foot. The satire lies in Mr.Eager’s faux sentimentality and desire to protect “good form” at all costs. He will go so far as to leave a young woman by the wayside if it will aide him in shielding the world from true affection. He attempts to do the impossible and the unreasonable and for all of his devotion to his cause, he is made to look absurd and scorned. He represents all of the lesser attempts of the characters to secrete honest expression beneath “manners” and “formality”.

7. “It is so sad when people with abilities misuse them, and I must say they nearly always do”(p.60). Here Forster satirizes the creative people of his generation and ours who he believed abused their gifts to either make money, bad art, garner fame, or all three.

hen the audience knows facts of which the characters in the play are ignorant. The most sustained example of dramatic irony is undoubtedly Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex, in which Oedipus searches to find the murderer of the former king of Thebes, only to discover that it is himself, a fact the audience has known all along.

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