Surrealism
Surrealism was founded in 1924 by Andre Breton. Although it has come to be known primarily through the visual arts, Surrealism was not a visual idea or style, but a way of looking at life – politically, socially, philosophically as well as aesthetically. “Surrealism is the wish for absolute freedom..to set people free, to save them.” Surrealists defied rationalism and strove to create artworks that were untainted by the conscious mind. Their fascination with dreams, sexuality, madness, to name a few, served as inspirations for their artworks. The object was a very popular medium for their expression. The found object, the readymade object, the dreamt, the box and the symbolically functioning object were some of the significant variations that were invented or used since the start of the movement. “The object was a collage in three dimensions” Surrealist artists used materials that were not normally considered suitable for art, often in combination with conventional paints. They used debris and waste products of society, items from lost property departments and Flea Markets – box of glass eyes, a mouldering stuffed eagle gorging on its prey, a fibreglass leg and false teeth. Artists such as Man Ray e
Surrealism placed sexuality and desire at the centre of its concerns and symbolically placed ‘woman’ as the focus of its dreams. Suggestiveness was used frequently in the art works. For some Surrealists, “the woman took on an almost sexual, mystical power.” However, not all Surrealists had this point of view. The exploitation of the woman’s body is most evident in Dali’s The Venus de Milo of the Drawers. He devastates western culture by creating an object that is fraught with anxiety over entry into the body of a woman – Dali offers a series of drawers as access. This is to say that even the Venus de Milo is subject to such physical access. Hughes, Robert, The Shock of the New: Art of Century and Change, Balding and Mansell, 1980
Some topics in this essay:
Andre Breton,
Functioning Symbolically,
Breton Surrealists,
Object Grill,
Artists Ray,
Independents’ Exhibition,
Breakfast Oppenheim,
Milo Drawers,
Joseph Cornell,
Robert Hughes,
found object,
politically socially philosophically,
venus de milo,
found objects,
de milo,
politically socially,
socially philosophically,
philosophically aesthetically,
socially philosophically aesthetically,
surrealist object,
symbolically functioning object,
thames hudson,
oppenheim’s fur breakfast,
catholic church,
dreamt object,
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Approximate Word count = 1386
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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