The French never tried to hide their intentions of holding their prewar control over Indochina. In the Second World War the Japanese invaded, and Vietnamese nationalists fought beside French troops to defeat the Japanese. After the victory over Japan, the Vietnamese expected to gain their independence - but the French remained as colonial masters.

On September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh the Viet Minh leader, addressed a group gathered in Hanoi, with these words: "We hold truths that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, among these are life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." (http://www.cowac.o

Nixon would be the last of the rein of presidents to make decisions on exaggerated hopes and fears by sending B-52 bombers into Haoi and Haiphong in retaliation to an impressive North Vietnamese attack using tanks and heavy artillery. The B-52 bombers seemed to be one last effort to save the reputation of the strength of America. Soon after the bombing raids In Hanoia a cease-fire agreement was reached on January 23, 1973.

Evidence can be examined, truths can be told, but it’s still obvious that there was not one common motive shared by the countries that fought in the Vietnam War. France had only been involved to maintain its empire and control of Indochina. They pushed hard for the restoration and had gained more than enough financial support from the U.S. to have what they first viewed as an easy victory. But Ho Chi Minh and the Viet Minh had other ideas. Ho took France by storm fighting for communism and patriotism of the Vietnam people. He was viewed by his people as one of the most charismatic leaders in history and they stood behind his cause 100 percent. And last the U.S. who had dug them selves a hole so deep it was in escapable. Misinterpretations and exaggerated hopes and fears had consumed the presidents of the United States during this period, drawing out unprepared attacks and unfulfilled quests of keeping the reputation of America alive.

Johnson had now taken over and within two years he authorized the sending of massive combat troops to war. Johnson’s stubbornness, ego, and pride destroyed his presidency. Johnson seemed to suffer from deep paranoia. He made irrational decisions and feared conspiracy according to his advisor Walt Rostow. (Stoessinger). With Ho Chi Minh, Johnson continued to believe in the strong overpowering the week with continuous bombing raids and napalm attacks.

During his short-lived presidency, John F. Kennedy put the U.S. even deeper into the war. After sending two of his representatives to Vietnam to get a report of what was going o

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