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Autism

“Autism is defined as the brain disorder that begins in early childhood and persists throughout adulthood. It affects three areas of development: verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, and creative or imaginative play.” (NIDCD) It is a severe disorder of communication and behavior. It is a developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear and sense. The cause of autism remains unknown. However, according to research from the Illinois Project, “current theories indicate a problem with the function or structure of the central nervous system.” The Autism Research Institute states that, “in many cases the disorder is evident during the first 30 months of life.” The biological factors associated with autism are high levels of neurotransmitter serotonin, high amount of peptides, low muscle tone, poor coordination, and abnormal patterns of brain activity.

Autistic children typically are normal in appearance and develop well physically. Physically, autistic children may have a flat masked facial expression, because of low muscle tone in the face.

“A child should have their first true meaningful words around 10 to 14 months.”(LDDD) Chi

People with autism must receive therapy emphasizing oral motor exercises, cognition, language, behavior, and social interaction. Some children are pulled from classrooms because they aren’t able to adjust to the classroom setting and don’t participate in lessons. This is because of the disorder affecting their behavior and it appears the child is in a daze. A speech language pathologist usually is the main therapist to work with autistic children. However, parents, occupational therapist, teachers (depending on age), and psychologist also help in assessment. Consistent support from these people is needed for the child’s improvement.