Vladimir Lenin was born April 22, 1870 in the city of Simbirsk. It is now called Ulyanovsk located on the Great Russian River, the Volga. His fathers name was Nikolayevich Llya Ulyanov and he was a loyal teacher in school, and Lenin’s mothers name was Maria Alexandrovna Ulyanova and she was a long time social worker. Lenin had a few brothers. Lenin's brother was found guilty of an attempted assassination on the Tsar and Lenin’s brother was hanged for his crime. His brothers’ activity may have sparked Lenin's interest in revolutionary activity because at this time, Lenin began studying the writings of Marx and Chernoshevsky. He spent his childhood and youth in Simbirsk for 17 years. Vladimir's room was located in the attic. His furnitur

Lenin insisted on ending the war with Germany at any price. He believed that such action was necessary if the Bolsheviks were to stay in power. On March 3, 1918, Russia and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The treaty required Russia to give up Finland, Poland, Bessarabia, Ukraine, Estonia, Livonia, which is now named Latvia, and Lithuania. Germany agreed to allow the Russian government to continue ruling the rest of Russia. On March 12, Lenin moved Russia's capital from Petrograd to Moscow, partly so that his government would be farther from German power. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a serious blow to Russia. But after Germany lost World War I in November 1918, the treaty became invalid. In 1918, at Lenin's suggestion, the Bolsheviks changed the name of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party to the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks).

Czar Nicholas II gave up the throne on March 15, and a democratic government was established. Prince George Lvov, a Russian political leader, became prime minister. For a time, the Petrograd soviet shared control of Russia with the government. However, the Bolsheviks soon demanded that all governing power has to be given to the soviets. Lenin was still in Switzerland at this time wanted to return to Russia. The Germans were willing to allow Lenin to travel through Germany on the way to Russia but they also were afraid that, while Lenin was in Germany, they might beat up German workers. For this reason, the Germans made Lenin stay inside a single railroad car while he traveled through Germany. On April 16, 1917, Lenin arrived in Petrograd. He received a hero's welcome from the people.

In December 1922, the Bolshevik government made the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.). That same month, Lenin suffered a second stroke. In January 1923, he warned Stalin that he was "too rude" and needed the talents necessary for party leadership. Lenin planned to remove Stalin as party secretary. On March 9, 1923, he had a third stroke and lost his power to speak clearly. His illness kept him from appointing a new party secretary. Stalin went on to rule the Soviet Union as a dictator from 1929 until 1953. Lenin died of a brain blood loss on Jan. 21, 1924. The government preserved his body and placed it on display. Lenin's tomb, in Red Square, became one of the Soviet Union's most honored monuments. Thousands of visitors each day passed by the glass-enclosed coffin to view the founder of the Soviet Communist state. But in August 1991, the Communists lost control of the Soviet government. In December of that year, the Soviet Union broke up into a number of independent states. The fall of Communism set free all proposals for removing Lenin's body from public display. The every day number of people visiting the tomb refused. Many people favored burying Lenin in St. Petersburg, next to his mother's grave. Lenin himself had asked for this spot as his final resting place.

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