Freud’s psychoanalytic theory grew out of his interaction with clients in psychoanalysis. Psychoanalytic theory attempts to explain personality, motivation, and psychological disorders by focusing on the influence of early childhood experiences, on unconscious motives and conflicts, and on the methods people use to cope with these sexual and aggressive urges. Freud divided personality into three components: the id, ego, and superego. He saw a person’s behavior as the outcome of interactions among these three components.
The id is the primitive, instinctive component of personality that operates according to the pleasure principle, which demands im
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