1954
In the year 1954, the United States was changing rapidly. President Eisenhower, a Republican, was in the midst of his first term. Eisenhower had just announced to the world that the United States had in fact developed and successfully tested the first hydrogen bomb some two years prior. Mamie Eisenhower christened the Nautilus, which was the first submarine to run on nuclear power. The great court decision, “Brown vs. the Board of Education,” called for the integration of the country’s public schools. Arkansas and Alabama refused to integrate and President Eisenhower was forced to send the 101st Airborne Division to integrate the schools of these states. The phrase “Under God” was added to the Pledge of Allegiance. Eighteen-year olds were shouting, “If we are old enough to fight and die for our country, why can’t we vote?” The teens got a bill into the house but it was turned away by the senate. New fashions were surfacing in both men’s and women’s fashions. Men were wearing Bermuda pants, baggy pants that were cut off at the knee, while women were wearing capris, tight pants that cut off just below the knee. Men were wearing tailored jackets and making a slight move towards the casual dress of today’s work
It wasn’t until Thursday, August 20, 1954, that the body of Menter was dragged out of the East River. The four boys were already being held for the beating of another park vagrant when each was led to the shore of the East River handcuffed to a detective in order to identify the body of Menter. The boys positively identified Menter as the man that they had beaten the prior Monday night. The boys were able to identify him because of his clothing, not because they recognized his face. At the age of 35, Menter was employed by the New York Burlap Bag Company at 101 Grand Street, Brooklyn, just a few blocks from the pier where he suffered a death of submersion. William Menter left behind a wife, Emma, from whom he was separated, a daughter, Shirley Ann, 11, and a son, William Jr., 6. A widespread terror of Red attacks and Red spies enveloped the country. The danger of the situation was exaggerated by Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin. Thousands were accused of being communist with no sufficient evidence to prove that they were. McCarthy did not successfully prove any communists had infiltrated the government. McCarthyism began to decline after 1954 because of the end of the Korean War and the condemnation of McCarthy by the Senate. Rock ‘N’ Roll records topped the charts. Songs like “Earth Angel” by The Penguins, “Goodnight Sweetheart Goodnight” by The Spaniels, and “Honey Love” by The Drifters. Bill Haley may have recorded the first rock ‘n’ roll record by a white person to become popular. His version of “Shake Rattle and Roll” was a huge success. The Midnighters were the most popular group in the R&B section. In the entertainment world, On the Waterfront won the Oscar for the best film while its star Marlon Brando won the Oscar for best actor. Grace Kelly won best actress for her role in The Country Girl. James Dean and Humphrey Bogart were also creating memorable movies. Almost thirty million people owned televisions by this time so it was no surprise that America fell in love with shows like “The Ed Sullivan Show,” “I Love Lucy,” “Dragnet,” and “Lassie.” A meeting of the President’s cabinet aired on television for the first time. The Miss America Contest was broadcast live on television for the first time. The price of a color television dropped to 1,110 dollars. In the sports world, Rocky Marc
Some topics in this essay:
Allegiance Eighteen-year,
Dorado Brougham,
Jack Koslow,
East River,
Monument Park,
Lord Flies”,
Koslow Mittman,
William Menter,
America Contest,
Rattle Roll”,
william menter,
koslow mittman,
rock ‘n’ roll,
pier koslow mittman,
fell love,
lieberman trachtenberg,
dorado brougham,
south fourth,
women wearing,
america fell,
washington monument park,
george washington monument,
pants cut,
forced stay,
south fifth street,
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Approximate Word count = 1594
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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