Austalia

Located in the Southeast Asia archipelago, Australia is the only nation that occupies a continent and is the sixth largest nation in the world. Although its size is roughly equivalent to that of the U.S. (excluding Alaska and Hawaii), Australians number less than one-tenth the population of the United States (Craighead’s 67).

Australia is bounded on the north by the Timor and Arafura seas, on the northeast by the Coral Sea, on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the southeast by the Tasman Sea, and on the west and south by the Indian Ocean. Most of the continent is a low plateau with a regular coastline. The center is flat, arid, desert land. The

985 (Craigheads 66); however, this move of consciousness was only for some, because the leaseholders, which are the mining companies and the National Party, have wanted to erode the Native Title Act. The Native Title Act established 1993 ruled by parliament removed the fiction that Australia was uninhabited when Captain Cook planted the British flag (Pilger 26). Why is this so important? For many reasons, first being that England did not even recognize the Aborigines as a people, let alone a sub class of people but saw them as wandering savages. Second, the Aborigines were not just devastated by the disease of smallpox but also by deliberate genocide. Prime Minister Robert Menzies gave permission to British atomic scientist to test nuclear weapons on Aboriginal land. The maps at that time marked the Aboriginal land as uninhabited (Pilger 26). This sounds like the atrocities of World War II. However, these poor people didn’t know that they were still at war with the British Commonwealth.

Sydney was established in 1776 as a penal colony. Britain’s jails were over crowded with people who were convicted of being debtors, pickpockets, thieves, prostitutes, and worse. In desperation of not knowing what to do, the lot of them were transported by a naval fleet and sent to Port Jackson. These 759 convicts, along with 13 of their children, 463 military types, set off for the new land. When they arrived with 1030 members on January 26, they drank a toast to the Queen and this day is commemorated every year as a national holiday. The penal colonies were the backbone of Australian development and the slave labor force built the roads and buildings of yesteryear. The Irish came as social political offenders in the 1830's. The convicts that behaved and survived were given the rights to earn money and later their freedom. Those repeat offenders went to penal camps that were very harsh and death was looked upon as a blessing. (Lush 34 -35). America was built on those s!

Even in the smallest town you will find an outlet distributing local tourist information and advice free of charge. Look for the international “I” sign (Australian Embassy WWW). For more info, contact these tourist offices:

Some topics in this essay:
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