3. Pre-operative therapy and medications

4. Nurses pre-operative role: Assessment, Diagnostic studies, Medications, Education

5. Operation: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

CABG: The nurses role and the surgical procedure

The nurse plays a major role in the success of a cardiac surgery patient. They evaluate the patient pre-operatively, post-operatively, during surgery, and in cardiac rehab afterwards. This paper discusses the different diagnosis and treatments for patients undergoing (CABG) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Underlying causes that make a need for CABG surgery

The major cause of CAD (coronary artery disease) is atherosclerosis. This is a pathologic process that causes thickening of artery walls. The thickening usually starts in individuals after age 20. These fibrous plaques or lesions usually produce localized narrowing in the proximal portions of the major coronary arteries. The blood supply to the myocardium can be impeded by several mechanisms: the lesion creates a fixed obstruction so that blood flow through the artery cannot incre

A myocardial infarction is distinguished from angina by its ECG manifestations and its effect on cardiac isoenzyme levels. Changes in these levels produce specific changes in the ECG tracing. The effects of an MI occur within minutes on the ECG. As myocardial injury evolves into necrosis, the ECG readings change drastically. The measurement of blood enzymes also contributes to diagnosis of MI. When myocardial cells are irreversibly damaged, intracellular enzymes leak through the cell membranes and are detectable in the blood. The most sensitive indicator of myocardial damage is a CK isoenzyme, CK-MB. The elevation of the CK-MB enzyme is an early detector of an MI. This enzyme rises in 4-8 hours after an MI, and returns to normal 2-3 days after that.

I discovered many new things during this project. I saw many sides of nursing that you cannot see on the surface. The overall feelings and actions I was involved in were amazing. This experiment opened my eyes to the side of nursing care that I don’t usually see on the floor during my shift. I thought many actions that seemed confusing at first, made sense after it was thoroughly explained. The nurses that were involved in my experiment were very helpful. I saw many procedures that I was usually left out of. This was an excellent project to be involved in. I first started to gain experience with Open Heart Patients by passing out flyers to get feedback for this report. The nurses were very receptive to the fact that I was interested in the process of Open Heart Surgery. I purposely handed out the flyers with questions first because it would let me display my interest in this aspect of nursing care. This led into the other physical investigations that I was involved in. I individually talked to the nurses that were directly involved in the care of a heart patient. This led to more in-depth descriptions of the drugs involved in maintaining a patients hemodynamic factors. I listened in on the titrating of many vasopressors and vasodilating drugs. I thought that it was much more complicated than it really was. Then I had one nurse in particular who was really active in participation of describing certain aspects of care. She explained the step-by-step procedure of when a patient arrives back from open-heart surgery. The time a patient arrives back from Open Heart is the busiest for a nurse during their shift. This perspective was much more descriptive than just observing the process. It helped give me details that I didn’t get from standing around. Next, I used some books provided by the nurses to look up terminology and different procedural tasks. I got a great inside perspective of the whole nursing process. This look into the minds of the nursing staff was great. You can look, stand around, and gawk at what is going on during a procedure and never really get the whole picture. These nurses were very helpful and descriptive. I am glad that I put a lot of effort into this project. It opened my eyes into the side of nursing that I was very confused over. This project made me a better critical thinker and a better future nurse.

Surgical revascularization of the heart has been a major component in the treatment of CAD (Coronary Artery Disease) for more than 20 years. It is one of the most common operative procedures performed in the US today. There are three main objectives of surgical revascularization: control of ischemic symptoms, prevention of MI, and prolongation of life. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is the main method of surgical revascularization and may be combined with a coronary artery endartectomy. CABG consists of using autologous artery or vein as a conduit to bypass stenotic lesions in the coronary arterial circulation. Bypass grafting is good because atherosclerotic lesions usually develop in proximal portions of the major coronary artery branches. These branches move through epicardial tissue on the surface of the heart before becoming deeply embedded i

Some topics in this essay:
Grafting CABG, Grafting Underlying, MI Calcium, Accident Sometimes, Heart Surgery, MI Pre-operative, CAD Angina, Bypass Grafting, Myocardial Infarction, PT PTT, coronary artery, blood flow, bypass grafting, cad angina, chest pain, coronary artery bypass, artery bypass grafting, artery bypass, coronary arteries, blood pressure, blocking agents, diagnostic studies, grafting depends amount, amount grafting depends, risk factors cad,