of organizations disseminates many rules and regulations to individuals to insure the smooth transition from loss to profit. The main task for the management of an organization is to make a profit while entertaining fans by placing the most competitive team on the field. Although most organizations are strictly profit driven, there are still organizations that are more concerned with the actual on-field success of a team. While managers try to accomplish these goals, there are guidelines and obstacles that keep them from doing so. There are labor issues that act as constraints for managers to carryout their functional duties. In sport, there are several types of labor costs, which discourage a manager from making an easy logical decision to making an economic business decision. Being that an organization is acting as a profit driven business, the manager must act as a representative of the organizations' moneys. So, in order to remain a profitable organization, the revenues must exceed the costs. There are several costs that are incorporated with a sports organization. These costs may include, players salaries, travel expenses, game day expenses, player development, administrative costs and the final costs being, player fringe benefits, such as pensions. Player's salaries are the largest expense which organizations have to deal with. The costs of player's salaries have increased greatly over the course of the last 18 years. "From 1981 to 1994, the mean salary in MLB increased from $303,400 to $1,182,000; the mean in the NBA from $295,200 to $1,380,000; in the NFL from $147,600 to $737,000; and in the NHL from $177,100 to $525,00." (Sheehan, 1996) There have been a few reasons for this average increase of 9.5%. The first being the increase in profit that organizations are making and the second being the structure of the negotiations processes for each league. These costs are increasing and profits are as well. Although some organizations are willing to pay these costs to field a successful team, there are some that are strictly profit driven and want to do just that. A team that wins usually has a lower profit due to higher costs in the sense of player salaries. "Gene Autry, former owner of the California Angels paid high salary free agents to win championships in the 80's. After only winning two divisional championships, he cut payroll and in 1994, was the lowest in the American League. He was no longer concerned about a World Series as he was about making a profit, even if it meant losing. (Sheehan, 1997) Another cost that organization faces are increasing player pensions. Currently each team pays $2 million plus 10% of player salaries. Travel costs are another large cost for teams to incur, When a team travels, the organization must cover the cost of transportation, hotel and accommodations, and also per diem expenses. The cost will vary for each sport due to the amount of players a team carries. The NBA will cost less to travel than the NHL. In addition to players, there are also coaches, equipment, trainers and sometimes family. Travel expenses can typically run up to $3 million dollars per year. The cost per game may be in excess of $75,000 per season per player or $450 per game for up to 40 people. In addition to travel costs, a team must also factor in game day expenses. If a team doesn't have to pay for travel due to a home game, the organization must prepare all facets of game day operations. These operations may include, field maintenance, security, ushers, facility management as well as facility rental fees. These types of costs may be approximately $60,000 per home game. If an organization owns its own stadium, the costs may be even greater. Player development is a key tool in professional sports. In order to field a successful team, their must be recruiting and scouting of younger talent to take the place of already existing talent. Within many professional sports there are mino!

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Some topics in this essay:
NCAA Tournament, Murdoch FOX, World Series, PGA Tour, La Velle, Corporation That's, MLB MLS, University Press, Economics…Richard Eckaus, Super Bowl, world series, professional sports, sports industry, tv ratings, profit driven, success team, game day, profit sports, ticket prices, basic economics…richard eckaus, ticket sales, sportometrics…texas a&m university, a&m university press, ticket sales generate, boy's mother probably,