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Linus Pauling

Linus Pauling was one of the greatest, most influential chemists and activists of all time. He is the only individual to receive two unshared Nobel Prizes. He was recognized as one of the 20 greatest scientists of all time. Others included on the list were Galileo, Darwin, Newton and the only other person of the 19th century, Einstein. Linus Pauling applied his knowledge of quantum physics to chemistry. The discoveries that he made changed the work of all chemists to follow. Pauling's studies provided the basis for biotechnology. He is considered to be the father of molecular biology. In 1954, he received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work on the Nature of the Chemical Bond. After the drop of the atomic bomb, Pauling became a spokes person for the effects of nuclear fallout. He spent most of his time educating the public about the negative effects of nuclear warfare. Pauling and his wife, Ave Helen, collected 11,000 signatures of scientists' protesting the use of atomic weapons. Pauling presented this list to the United Nations. His protesting lead to the partial nuclear test ban treaty of 1963. It was for his work for peace that Pauling received the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize. Known in his late


Though Pauling spent most of his later years in nutritional research, his curiosity kept him involved in other areas. In 1992, at the age of 91, he received a patent for a new technique of fabrication superconductive materials. Through out his life, Linus Pauling won many awards and wrote many books about his experiments. Pauling died in 1994 at the age of 93, he truly was a genius and the greatest chemist of our time.

Pauling worked 40 hours a week setting up lesson plans and grading papers. He had a small office in the library. This is where he came in contact with different chemistry books. He read G.N. Lewis's 1916 paper on the nature of the chemical bond. He also read writings by Irving Langmuir that dealt with electronic structure of molecules and shared electron pair bonds. This is the first time that Pauling had ever seen theories like this, he was fascinated. (1)

Pauling perceived the waves of the chemical bonds in a three dimensional way. It was in 1931 that Pauling wrote his most important paper, The Nature of the Chemical Bond. In his paper, he theorized that in order to create stronger bonds, atoms can change the shape of their waves into "petal shaped waves," known as the hybridization of orbitals. Pauling had used quantum theory to explain this chemical phenomena. (2)

Pauling taught his way through Oregon Agricultural College. It was the fall of his senior year that he taught a second semester chemistry class for home economics majors. This is where he met his future wife, Ave Helen.

Also in 1931, Pauling was made full professor at Cal Tech. He was a popular instructor that could present complex ideas in simple language. He often delivered his lectures in Hawaiian shirts and liked to keep the class interested with the bright colored molecular models that he and

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Approximate Word count = 2402
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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