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Ideologies of Gender Roles

The ideology of something is a lived experience and isn’t categorized as true or false for it is always true since it is lived. Ideologies are used to obscure the structures of domination. As quoted by Terry Eagleton in “Marxism and Literary Criticism:”

‘superstructure’ are certain forms of law and politics, a certain kind of state, whose essential function is to legitimate the power of the social class which owns the means of economic production, it also consists of certain ‘definite forms of social consciousness’ which is what Marxism designates as ideology.

By not accepting certain ideologies one can create an inter movement between the super structure and the base. If one is more passive to the certain ideology the structure that is already set up will not be disturbed. Gender role attitudes are generally conceived as opinions and beliefs about the ways that family and work roles do and should differ based on sex. The gender role ideology leads to the social structure that masks what the men are able to do and or get a way with. It is a form of the domination that is set for men over women. There are many ways to reveal the masks over people’s eyes. In “White Tigers” and “N


Kingston writes a memoir consisting of many pages of story telling. A memoir is something such as a journal, something to look back on in the future and remember the times. Kingston’s use of story telling in a memoir is peculiar, but her intentions are for it to be this way. Throughout her writing she had undoubtedly written of the ideology of gender roles. By showing how dominant men are compared to women. By doing this it shows how few possibilities a woman has in the world. Yet she reveals her lived experience as a way for the reader to understand the superstructure that is set up which favors the men’s role in society and helps to oppress women. Her use of this in a memoir is not only for her to see how the structure has changed, but also to use it as a tool to create an inter-movement between the base and the superstructure. She challenges the ideology of gender roles through her writing. Terry Eagleton writes of the reflection of the experience, “art does more than just passively reflect that experience. It is held within ideology, but also manages to distance itself from it, to the point where it permits us to ‘feel’ and ‘perceive’ the ideology from which it springs” (Eagleton 18). Meaning that Kingston’s literature is not a reflection of the ideology, but she uses it to distance the literature from ideology so that the reader can perceive it even as it is representing it. Her representation brings about stakes which is that of going against the superstructure to make a change in it. With her two pieces representing these possibilities leads to the collaboration of a book of memoirs. This book being made in hope that the memoirs are something she can look back on and see that she has helped unmask something that has oppressed her for so long and has finally created a change for others. Kingston has thus helped to identify the ideology of gender roles and allowed the readers to understand the experience. As Eagleton uses in closing:

Kingston also wrote “White Tigers,” which she uses her storytelling as a way to live out her possibilities within her storytelling. She is able to use her storytelling to do things that the gender ideologies constrict her from doing. After her heroic story of the great swordswoman, Fa Mu Lan, she leads into a story of her own life and an incident she had with her boss. He wants her to write invitations that are racists and she refuses. In turn he terminates her employment, “‘you will be paid up to here,’ he said. ‘We’ll mail you the check.’ If I took the sword, which my hate must surely have forged out of the air, and gutted him, I would put color and wrinkles into his shirt” (Kingston 49). By using her story telling to illustrate what she would like to do to

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Approximate Word count = 1870
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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