Napolean Bonaparte

Napoleon was born on August 15, 1769, in Ajaccio, Corsica. He was originally given the name Napoleane but in French, it became known as Napoleon Bonaparte. He was the second of eight children.(World Book, 16) His mother was Letiza Ranoliao Bonaparte and his father was Carlo Buonaparte both of Corsican-Italian heritage. No Buonaparte had ever been in the military. His father, Carlo, was a lawyer w

Napoleon fled to Paris and gave up the throne for the second time on June 22. The period from Napoleon’s return to Paris from Elba to giving up the throne is known as the 100 Days.(Encyclopedia of World Biography, 246)

Napoleon was educated, because of his brother’s high power, at the expense of King Louis XVI at Brienne, Ecole Militaire, and Paris. Napoleon graduated in 1785, at the age of sixteen, and joined the artillery as second lieutenant.(Encarta, 2)

After each victory, Napoleon aggrandized his empire. Napoleon carved providences of Germany and Italy into major principalities and gave them to his friends and relatives. In 1806, he made his brother, Joseph, king of all Naples and his brother, Louis, he granted Holland. In 1807, Napoleon made his brother, Jerome, king of West Phalia, and in 1809 gave his sister, Elisa, the Illyrian provinces, which cover much of present-day Yugoslavia. In 1810, his kingdom was at its largest point by annexing Holland and much of northern Germany.(Internet)

Napoleon was helpless as he retreated further into France. At Fontainebleau on April 11, 1814, Napoleon gave up his imperial throne. The allies called for the return of a king of the original Bourbon family and placed Louis XVIII on the French throne.(World Book, 23)

Napoleon first advanced into Belgium with around 125,000 men, hoping to defeat both of Britain’s main armies. Duke of Wellington led one army while Marshal Gebhard von Blucker led the other. On June 16, 1815, Napoleon quickly defeated von Blucker and then on June 18 Napoleon attacked Wellington at Waterloo in one of history’s most famous battles. Just as Wellington’s forces were ready to collapse, Blucker’s troops arrived to reinforce Wellington and the French army suffered a crushing defeat.(Internet)

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