Saudi Arabian Royal Succesion

In 1932, various tribes of the Arabian Peninsula were united by Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman. The tribes forged an alliance with the Al Saud family, who has ruled over the kingdom since. The partnership developed a legitimizing framework for their rule. Their state was based on the strict adherence to Islamic values, unity and cohesion among domestic groups, and the wealth accumulated from oil reserves.

Successive Saudi rulers have ensured their survival through a shared sense of ideology, and a strong understanding of order. Traditionally, the successor to the throne has been one of the surviving sons of King Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud, the first king, and founder of the modern state of Saudi Arabia. This process had not been expressly clarified until 1992, when King Fahd issued an edict elaborating the procedure of succession to the throne.

Today, the Saudi-tribal alliance is being contested by radical elements. Both religious and secular opposition forces are questioning the ideological principles of the Al Saud regime. Militant Islamic groups fear the domination of the royal family will detract from the Islamic roots of the state. The Al Saud’s religio

Saudi revenues are subject to extreme fluctuation. The oil sector accounts for one-third of the official GDP. Oil sales account for approximately 90% of export earnings and 75% of budget revenues. Lag in oil prices fuel desires for the diversification of the economy.

pulation, mixed with the large unemployment figures (an estimated 35% for men), are forcing society to leave behind traditionalist values for the sake of survival.

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