Which of the two countries is more socialist, Canada or the United States of

America? It must first be state that neither Canada nor the USA is considered a

socialist state. For the purpose of this project, a socialist state would be one

such as Greece was until the early 1990’s; a country where the state owns all

forms of companies and/or businesses and offers practically every type of social

service known to modern governments. Since none of the two North American

countries that will be featured in this paper can accurately compare to the

above description, the paper will simply attempt to determine which of the two

has a higher degree of socialism when matched against each other following a

Before going any further, let’s view the conceptual definitions to the key

elements of this paper. Socialism, as referred to throughout the text, can be

defined as follows: any of various social or political theories or movements in

which the common welfare is to be achieved through the establishment of a

socialist economic system. A socialist economic system can be defined as an

in both Canada and the United States of America. According to the network CNN , in the latest US federal election which took place in November 2000, three political parties could be said to have garnered enough public support to be considered important.

However, in the top one-fifth of the income distribution, American families had disposable incomes more than 20% higher than their Canadian counterparts. In the top one-tenth of the income distribution, disposable incomes among American families were about 25% higher.” (Income inequality in North America: Does the 49th parallel still matter?, The Daily, Statistics Canada)

The next social service to be examined is income security. It must be noted that the term “income security” does not mean exactly the same thing in both countries. In Canada, income security stands for social assistance, benefits to the elderly, employment benefits and child benefits. These services are covered by the Canadian and Quebec Pension Plans, Old Age Security, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Spouse’s Allowance, Unemployment Insurance, Children’s Financial Benefits, Social Assistance, and Worker’s Compensation. On the other hand, in the United States the term “income security” stands for disability insurance, private pensions, federal employees retirement, and disability programs. These services are offered through Food Stamps, Supplemental Security Income, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Earned Income Tax Credit and Unemployment Compensation. In 1994-95, according to the Government of Canada’s overview of Income Security , the Canadian governments !

Let’s now take a look at the second variable that will be used to compare the

The final social service variable to be inspected is health care. In order to compare the two countries' health care systems, two indicators will be examined: the number of health services offered for free and the amount spent per citizen on heath care. In the United States, there are two types of heath care services: Medicare and Medicaid. According the US Federal Government , Medicare is offered to most citizens who are 65 years of age or older, people entitled to Social Security disability payments for 2 years or more, and people with end-stage renal disease. Medicaid is offered to certain low-income families to help cover their medical costs . The Medicare recipients will receive durable medical equipment such as oxygen equipment, wheelchairs, arm, leg, back and neck braces, ostomy pouches, surgical dressings, splints and casts, one pair of eyeglasses after surgery, and other medically necessary equipment that a doctor prescribes for use at home. Medicare also helps cover the costs for doctor's services, outpatient hospital care, blood, lab tests and physical and occupational therapy. Medicaid on the other hand covers much more. On the other hand, according to the Health Care Financing Administration, Medicaid recipients receive inpatient and outpatient hospital services, physician services, medical and surgical dental services, nursing facility services for persons aged 21 or older, laboratory and x-ray services, pediatric and family nurse practitioner services, ambulatory services to individuals under the age of 18 and individuals entitled to institutional services, prenatal care and delivery services for pregnant women, as well as some home health and clinical services. In Canada, as stated by the Government of Ontario's Ministry of Heath , health care covers all services by a physician (except work or school-related physicals), five or ten annual visits to a podiatrist (chiropractors, osthopasths) and Physiotherapists, dental services do!

their neighboring country does. It can therefore be said that the USA offers more years of free education than Canada does. But how much does the state spend on these years of education? Let’s look at the second indicator for the variable of education: the amount spent-per s

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