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Autism


            Autism is considered a developmental disorder in which sensory messages are impaired. People with autism have difficulties in communication, social behavior and perception of the world we live in. Autism is present at birth and the characteristics become evident in the first three years. Parents are often aware of early signs in their child's lack of communication, play and in their limited responses to love and affection.
             Autism was first described by and recognized as a disease by Leo Kanner, a scientist, in 1943.
             A child with autism often has extreme difficulties in relating to other people. The child will often avoid such basic communication as eye contact and is frequently described as being in a world of their own. Attempts to break into their world can provoke frustration and may lead to tantrums. A child with autism often resists being held and is generally indifferent to the social approaches of others.
             People with autism seem to have difficulty in making sense of their environment. This may account, in part, for the obsessive nature of their behavior. They are reducing the world to sections that they can understand and with which they feel safe. These reactions can change from day to day.
             Often a child who will not respond to his name or a loud noise, will become distressed by a seemingly normal or sudden sound. Children with autism also have unusual responses to touch, pain and the temperature. They could under or over react to seemingly normal situations.
             The lack of response by an autistic child sometimes raises the suspicion that the child is deaf. People with autism do not communicate easily; some do not speak at all. Others simply echo back what is said to them (echolalia), while others use language in an odd and limited manner. Another speech characteristic is pronoun reversal where the child will say, " You want a drink" instead of "I want a drink". Rhythm, tone and pace of speech can be affected with the resulting speech sounding odd.


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