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At What Extent, Why And How Ancient Conception Of Democracy Differ From Modern Conception Of Democracy

Today we live in a time when the call to liberty and democracy embraces whole world. East Europe had thrown totalitarian government; the states of former Soviet Union turned towards democracy. Most of East and South American states are democratic; African continent live in some case democratic reforms, most of Asian states far or less are democratic. So the whole world moves towards democracy accepting different principles of democracy. The emergence of democracy goes far to ancient Greece. Greek democratic conception is a source for our modern conception of democracy, but in true meaning it is much more different from modern one. Great Greek philosophers, Plato and Aristotle criticized democracy as a bad form of government, however in modern world democracy stays above other forms of government.

According to Plato and Aristotle democracy in ancient Greece emerged as a result of oligarchy, poor had to take power over wealthy. It is obvious that Plato and Aristotle found democracy as perverted form of government because democracy they lived was different in some extent than the democracy we have in modern world. The main distinction of ancient Greek democracy is the number of people involved in a democratic process. Aristotle


The development of modern democracy linked fundamentally with the ideas of freedom and equality. In antiquity democracy was based exclusively on citizen rights. The main principle the modern democracy got from ancient Greek democracy is having equal political rights, however women did not take part in this process. Then the evolution of democracy goes further and establishes social equality, proclaiming men and women to be equal.

Plato also openly shows us in The Republic that the democracy he meant is not the same with modern democracy. He understands democracy as a result of revolution of poor against rich, declaration of ‘equal share in civil rights and government’ , and having extreme rights and liberty, to do what ‘suits ones pleasure’ . Plato defines extreme rights and liberty in followings: “You need not fight when your fellow citizens are at war, nor remain at peace when they do, unless you want peace; you may have no legal rights to hold office or sit on juries, you will do so all the same if the fancy takes you; men condemned to death or exile stay on and go about in public, and no one takes any more notice than he would of a spirit that walked invisible” . There is no state in modern world, which practices Platonic view of democracy like taking governmental positions whenever you want, and criminals walking in public freely without the existence of punishment. For sure this kind of democracy would certainly lead to chaos and becomes uncontrollable. Modern democracy assumes having rights and being free as much as these rights do not coincide unjustly with the rights of another individual.

Now there is distinction between private and social life, which did not exist in ancient Greek democracy, where the opinion of society played great role, it stimulated citizens to take active in politics considering it to be the only worthy thing in the life of citizens. And there were no division of legal from political and state from the society. As I mentioned before, citizens governed themselves, there were no ruling apparatus governing the cit

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Approximate Word count = 1398
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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