Based on my results, as the concentration of ATP increases, so does the contraction increases as well. There were also noticeable changes in the length of muscle when ADP was added. The same result was observed as with ATP; as the concentration of ADP increases so does the contraction. Muscle cells have enzyme which not only breaks down ATP to ADP (creatin), but can also make ATP from ADP by using phosphokinase.

Myokinase also produce ATP. ADP + ADP ------------ ATP + AMP.

ATP is regenerated by process such as glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. In muscle cell, the enzyme creatin kinase and creatin phosphate aid in this process.

The difference between a contracted muscle and a relaxed muscle is; a contracted muscle has the maximum overlap between the actin and myosin filaments. However, there is no overlap at the H-zone of thick and thin filaments. The Z-lines/disk

(Rabbit antibody proteins goat-anti-rabbit serum

There are basically two ways to detect antibodies: the direct method and the indirect method.

There were proteins transferred on the stained filter where they were trapped hence, bands of stain marks appeared. The nitrocellulose paper was incubated in blocking medium containing protein to prevent non-specific binding by the primary antibody. The primary antibody we used was monoclonal, which was made in mouse against rabbit sarcomeric actin. The primary antibody (anti-actin) did visualize the band. The secondary antibody we used was anti-mouse IGM made in goat to which the enzyme alkaline phosphatase is labeled. The control strip was not exposed to the primary antibody, where as the experimental strip was. The control strip has non-specific binding by the secondary antibody. The primary antibody binds the specific spot on the experimental strip and the secondary antibody binds the primary antibody and we were able to see the enzyme directly. The Rf value of the band visualized by the primary antibody is 0.69 (expt). There was no non-specific binding by the secondary antibody as the control strop did not have primary antibody attached to it. If primary antibody was bound to anything else then everything would be stained other than actin so there was no non-specific binding by the primary antibody. The enzyme linked antibody amplified the signal since each alkaline phophatase molecule can catalyze the continued formation of colored produc

Some topics in this essay:
Motility II, Method Rabbit, III Polyclonal, AMP ATP, , Phalloidin DAPI, ATP ADP, primary antibody, Direct Method, secondary antibody, non-specific binding, thin filaments, control strip, atp adp, antibody primary antibody, cells permeable, increases contraction, relaxed muscle, enzyme linked antibody, muscle cells, binding primary antibody, non-specific binding secondary, non-specific binding primary,