Diabetes mellitus can be classified as either Type I or Type II. Type I is referred to as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Type II as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). According to Podolsky (1980), "diabetes results from not only a derangement of glucose metabolism alone, but also involves metabolism of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and complex derivatives of these major groups" (p. 1). Treatment and control of diabetes includes, but is not limited to, insulin injections, oral hypoglycemic agents, dietary management, and exercise (Armstrong, 1985; Burr & Nagi, 1999; Kozak, 1982; Podolsky, 1980). A major risk associated with diabetes and participation in athletics is diabetic coma. "There are four classifications of diabetes-related comas. They are all true emergencies which require prompt, correct diagnosis. Listed in order of their probable frequency they are: (1) hypoglycemic coma, (2) diabetic ketoacidosis, (3) hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma, and (4) lactic acidosis" (Kozak, 1982, p. 109). .
Type I diabetes, or IDDM, usually occurs in childhood and is sometimes called juvenile onset diabetes. According to DeFronzo (1998), "the peak onset of type I diabetes is during childhood and adolescence, with the majority of patients (approximately 75 percent) presenting before age 30" (p. 2). IDDM is associated with deficient insulin secretion. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (1991) states: .
Insulin, a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, is essential in the metabolism of .
glucose. It promotes storage of glucose in the muscles and liver in the form of glycogen. .
Insulin is also needed for the efficient transfer of glucose from the bloodstream into skeletal .
and cardiac muscles. (p.874).
Common symptoms observed in athletes or patients with IDDM are swings in blood sugar from hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
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The Diagnosis, Causes, and Treatment of Diabetes Diabetes Contents Page No. Introduction Overview of Diabetes Type I What is Diabetes Type I Health Implications of Diabetes Type I Physical Activity What is Physical Activity? ... Since diabetes is such a complex disease with many different forms, we decided to focus on diabetes type I. This is known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). ... OVERVIEW OF DIABETES TYPE I What is diabetes type I? ...
Diabetes Contents Introduction Overview of Diabetes Type I What is diabetes type I Health implications of diabetes type I Physical Activity What is physical activity? ... Since diabetes is such a complex disease with many different forms, we decided to focus on diabetes type I. This is known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). ... OVERVIEW OF DIABETES TYPE I What is diabetes type I? ... The cause of diabetes is an absolute or lack of the hormone insulin. ...
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The Endocrine System DIABETES MELLITUS m INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS The primary cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or Type 1 diabetes, is inadequate insulin production by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets. ... This procedure has been used to treat Type 1 diabetes in dogs. ... Type 1 diabetes have been localized to chromosomes 6,11, and 18. • NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), or Type diabetes, typically affects obese individuals over 40 years of age. ... A diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is ...
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It is estimated that 5-10% of Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. The other type of diabetes is Type 2 diabetes - Pre-diabetes - Pre-diabetes is a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. ... Gestational diabetes - Gestational diabetes affects about 4% of all pregnant women - about 135,000 cases in the United States each year.)American Diabetes Association) As you can see so far that diabetes is a silent killer and I will show you how diabetes effects me and my f...
