Singapore is made up of a main island and a number of smaller islands. The main island covers an area of about 570 580 square kilometres and is situated 136 kilometres north of the Equator. The capital city covers approximately 51 square kilometres on the south side of the island. Most of the 2.4 million people on the island live in the capital. The island is joined to mainland Malaysia by a causeway which carries road and rail links.
Nearly two thirds of the island is less than 15minutes above sea level with the eastern side of the island being the flattest part. The highest ground is found in the center. Many streams drain from the high ground and those that run to the north often have broad estuaries fringed with mangroves that extend some way inland.
Being situated so close to the Equator, Singapore has a hot and humid tropical climate. Temperatures very little throughout the year but the monsoon from November to January brings slightly cooler conditions. Over 50 millilitres of rainfall rainfall a day
Singapore Stamford Raffles acting for the British East India Coy established the 1st modern trading base at Singapore by a concession from the Sultan. Hussein Mahomed Shah on 6 February 1819. From that time on the gort of Singapore has changed several times. Singapore’s prosperity grew with opening of the uey anal in 1869 and continued to increase until the Second World War.
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