ed, he fell in love with his nurse, who later called off their relationship. After World War I, Hemingway returned to northern Michigan to read, write, fish, and later to work for the Toronto Star in Canada. In 1921 married his first wife and moved to Paris. In Paris he continued to write for the Toronto Star as a foreign correspondent. During his stay in Europe through the 1920’s, Ernest was influenced by eccentric writers like Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound their literary compression. Hemingway’s use of these methods in short stories and novels that captured the attention of critics and the public. In the 1930’s, he turned to writing for causes, including democracy as he knew it in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. In each conflict he sought support for the side he favored. But he insisted on impartially describing the truth of both wars, which he knew from firsthand experience. In the years following World War II, many critics said Hemingway’s best writing was past. He surprised many of the critics when the novel, The Old Man and the Sea, was published.. This work led to his Pulitzer Prize in 1952. Two years later he received the Nobel Prize for his “powerful, style-making mastery of the art or modern narration” (Griffin 1) for The Old Man and the Sea. Hemingway’s years following these awards saw few works as successful as his novel or earlier writings. Hemingway was devastated that he could no longer write as he once did. During 1961 Hemingway, troubled by high blood pressure and mental depression, received shock treatments during two long confinements at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. He died July 2, 1961 at his home in Ketchum, Idaho, as a result of self-inflicted gunshot wounds and was buried in Ketchum. But as he had hoped, his writing lives on. His works continue to sell very well and are translated in an amazing variety of languages around the world. HEMINGWAY HERO “For Ernest Hemingway, the secondary world which he constructed in his many stories and novels served as a mirror to reflect his beliefs about the world in which he lived” (Relations to Fact Through Fiction 1). Even though he reflected his beliefs in his works he never portrayed himself as the hero. Instead Hemingway created a hero that followed the same general code in all of his works. We generally, call this man the "code hero"—this because he represents a code according to which the hero, if he could attain it, would be able to live properly in the world of violence, disorder, and misery to which he has been introduced and which he inhabits. The code hero, then, offers up and exemplifies certain principles of honor, courage, and endurance which in a life of tension and pain make a man, as we say, and enable him to conduct himself well in the losing battle that is life. The Hemingway hero of “The Snows of Kilimanjaro” is Harry. Harry is self pitying and views his present diseased state as the culmination of poor choices and false, convenient values. However, through final, confrontation with his own mortality, he achieved self-redemption. In “The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber” Francis is the Hemingway hero because he had courage and faced his fears. If Francis would not have went out on the safari the last time and had so much courage his wife would not have shot him. Mrs. Macomber killed him because she could no longer rule him. With Francis gaining so much self-esteem he no longer sat back and let his wife cheat on him, without confronting her. The Italian soldiers in “In Another Country” are the heroes because they were not afraid to die. The three boys went to war and returned back to Milan with medals for their bravery for facing death. Santiago from “The Old Man and the Sea” is a hero because he was courageous and was not afraid of death. Santiago went out to sea, never gave up, and knew he could survive anything that happened. Ole Anderson of “The Killers” does not whimper. He takes th

Some topics in this essay:
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