The mechanization of basic goods industries had proceeded slowly and unevenly in the first half of the nineteenth century. To deal with the major changes brought about by industrialization, governments expanded the rolde of the state, strengthening the central power over the diverse interests, regions, classes and even nationalities. At times the new balance of classes and regions meant the repression of dissent, regionalism and tradition-the American Civil War is just one example of this. In the first half

of the century, governments developed the machinery to control great number oc citizens through military conscription, public education and in some places, social legislation. Governments would encourage nationalism as a way of absorbing masses of previous excluded people. Industrialization influeneced the outcome of each of these struggles. By 1914, production, trade, foreign markets and political empires altered teh balance of power.

From the Industrial Revoluion to the Scientific Revolution, to the marriage of both, they had major effects on Europe econmically as well as socially. This age helped improve the standard of living, to the way changing the way the world function for the people by the people.

During the second sput, which occured after the Great Depression of 1873 until World War One, heavy industy became concentrated in large firms, capitalized by specialist banks. Cartels and monopolies drastically altered the scale of development. These industrial giants controlled the output, price and distribution of commodities; they dominated smaller firms, financed and controlled research and development, utilized scientific advances and expanded far beyond their national frontiers. The "captains of industry"-the owners or managers of these large firms-possessed such extraordinary economic power that they often commanded political power as well. Industrial titans could order politicians to represent their interests. These dynamic and powerful men, could "cause" depression or "own "cities. The rapid growth and the powerful figures in great industries hid from comtemporaries the fact that economic development was extremely uneven, even in advanced industrial states. Industrial work and wealth were unevenly and unequally distributed. During the second half of the century, middle class values and intrests provided standards of education, morality, and consumption for others to imitate. The introduction of heavy equipment reduced the total number of workers needed. Artisians and peasants, were forced to move to the cities as they competed for jobs. Wages remained relatively stable after 1870's, while the price of food and some other goos dropped. As a result, employed workers' purchasing power

Some topics in this essay:
World War, Civil War, Bessemer Siemens, War Mechanized, Europe Cities, Louis Pastuer, Industrial Revolustions, , Scientific Revolution, steam power, woman children, advanced industrial, world war, forms energy, social legislation, scientific advances, standard living, half century, 19th century,