Islam-Medieval Period
Before the Medieval Period there was no such thing as Islam. Not until a man by the name of Muhammad, heard a voice, which was the Angel Gabriel, did he set out on a quest to spread the Word and this new religion called Islam came into fruition. From this point on in history its power grew and more and more people were reciting verses of the Koran. When Muhammad died in 632, the rural Islamic tribes finally began to settle and the first Caliphs started to appear, this proved to be the first step toward a common goal by Arabs and Muslims to unite and control the history of the Mediterranean for the next 700 years. During this time, there were two major dynasties and their achievements and failures would set an example that the entire world could use. The biggest principal achievement for Islam occurred during the Umayyad Dynasty, which reigned from 661-750 CE and also the Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258 CE.), which took control after the fall of the Umayyad. This achievement was the spread of the Islamic religion and the spread of the Arabic people. During this time secession was passed from father to son and because of this it kept the Muslims unified under one ruler (Brown). Because of this, the I
At this time, Islam started to stray from the path of being just a secular state and began to show signs of an empire (Islamic). This act alone is what I think saved the Muslim culture. For instance, if they had kept their full focus on religion, then when a new power came through, such as the Holy Roman Emperor, they would have been crushed. Since they decided that they needed to start acting like an empire and not fully concentrate on religion, their power grew. Trade was the heart of the Abbasid Dynasty. The beginning of power for the Abbasid Empire started when they took over control from the Umayyad. One main difference from the Umayyad and the Abbasid was that the Abbasid led the Arabs to bureaucratic expansion, absolutism, and luxury on a scale that was never seen by these people before (Stearns et al 295). slamic world reached its greatest expansion, from the borders of India, through the Persian Gulf and Northern Africa and Spain (Stearns et al 279). This expansion went throughout the medieval world almost unstopped except in France where Charles “The Hammer” Martel stopped the invasion at Poitiers in 732 from conquering all of France, but the regions that were converted stayed Muslim for 300 years (Stearns et al 290). Another region that was having difficulty with this spread of Islam was India. The Umayyad were not completely gone however; most of them fled to Spain to continue their rule there. The first act was to move the capital from Damascus to Baghdad (Brown). This is where for the next five centuries they would influence Islamic history (Islamic). The capital was also moved to the more central position of Damascus from the location that it had been before the Sunni-Shiite split of the Holy city of Mecca (Stearns et al 282). This shift in the capital is also a shift in power and also a principal achievement of Islam in the Medieval Era. The move would have profound effects on the development of the Islamic culture. It showed that it was the end of one era and the beginning of a new more powerful mov
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Approximate Word count = 1391
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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