A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following:

1. frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment. Note: Do not include suicidal or self-mutilating behavior covered in Criterion 5.

2. a pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation.

3. identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self.

4. impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (e.g., spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating). Note: Do not include suicidal or self-mutilating behavior covered in Criterion 5.

Some therapists feel the onset of Borderline Personality Disorder is at puberty, some feel that it is earlier. Most will not diagnose a person with BPD until adulthood claiming the angst of puberty can mimic some forms of BPD. While some are diagnosing the BPD in puberty now others use the Oppositional Defiance Disorder and Conduct Disorder diagnosis until adulthood (Masterson).

BPD is a common disorder ranging from 10 - 14% of the general population says Corelli, while BPD Central and Skodol say 2% of the general population have BPD. BPD in women is two to three times more likely than that in a male. This may be related to genetic or hormonal influences. An association between this disorder and severe cases of premenstrual tension has been suggested. Women commonly suffer from depression more often than men (BPD Central, Corelli). The increased frequency of borderline disorders among women may also be a consequence of the greater incidence of incestuous experiences during their childhood. This is believed to occur ten times more often in women than in men, with estimates running to up to one-fourth of all women. “This chronic or periodic victimization and sometimes brutalization can later result in impaired relationships and mistrust of men and excessive preoccupation with sexuality, sexual promiscuity, inhibitions, deep-seated depression and a seriously damaged self-image,” says Corelli. Pheil believes “there must be Biological and Neurological predisposition for those to develop BPD.”

About 9% of Borderline patients kill themselves. This is why it is imperative to get treatment. More than six million people in the United States of America have Borderline Personality Disorder, and these people greatly affect the lives of at least thirty million others. Borderline (BPD Central).

Acting-in behaviors mostly hurt the person with BPD, although non-BPs are also affected. Someone with BPD who mostly acts in may feel extremely guilty over imagined transgressions. They may mutilate themselves, try to hold in their anger, and blame themselves for problems that are not their fault. Suicide is also a possibility.

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