The Amazon river flows across the north of Brazil and the Amazon basin surrounds the river. On average, less than one person per square kilometre lives there because of the location. It is inaccessible, surrounded by land for thousands of miles. Transport through the tropical rainforest is difficult especially in the very hot, wet and humid conditions. The basin comprises dense tropical vegetation and has poor mineral resources. The land can not be farmed and the tropical climate is too humid to be populated.

Along the actual river itself there is a slightly higher population, with between 1 to 10 people per square kilometre. This is because the river is good for transport along it and to the coast. It makes the area more accessible for trade and industry, encouraging development. Manaus is the only main area of population along the river. It was originally the centre of the rubber collecting industry, an important means of trade in the Amazon basin, and has now become the largest river port along the Amazon. There is a fresh water source and the soil has a greater mineral content and is the

The main part of central Brazil has population density of under 0.5 people per square kilometre and the east side nearest the coast has 0.5 to 4.9 people per square kilometre. It is also very remote and underdeveloped. Recently, roads have been introduced to help increase accessibility between main cities and across the country, but the journey is long, hot and humid with thousands of miles of open stretches of land. Many contributories to the Amazon flow down through the highlands of scrub and vegetation. The temperature range is more extreme as land heats up and cool down faster.

In the north of Brazil, in the Amazonian basin, because of the physical factors, this area is underdeveloped, with few jobs, trade and industry. There is a lack of basic services or health, education and electricity. This also means birth and death rates are very high. There is poor quality of life and the life expectancy is low. This area has these push factors and few pull factors that make the location desirable to inhabit. Manaus has higher population as it is a port that provides industry and enables trade of resources. This provides some employment in the region, shown on the population density choropleth map, figure 1.4. mouth of the river as it opens into the Atlantic ocean , the population density increases to 0.5 to 5 people per square kilometre. There is industry here from the large ports that import and export goods all around the world. In the centre and to the west of Brazil the land is mainly used for traditional farming methods, except for the mountainous highland areas. It is very sparsely populated as inaccessibility makes trade and transporting farmed good hard. Over 90 percent of Brazilians live near the coast in the south and east of the country. Coffee production is a vital i

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