The problems in the agricultural sector that Stalin faced as he came to power were numerous and each had their own consequence on the living conditions of all Russians. Indeed, internal problems included backward methods causing low production, difficulties of collec

tion, unreliable and irregular support, knowing at the same time that Stalin had to face the emergence of the Capitalist class. Moreover, the new dictator of Russia also faced external problems, which were the worry of “catching up with Europe” as he said, the threat of the neighbouring countries notably Germany or even Japan after its humiliating defeat in World War I. Stalin then came up with the solution of introducing the process of Collectivisation which were in fact individual farms which were combined to form larger, more economically viable “Collective farms”: the Kolkhoz. In this system, some of the produce would be sold to the sate at a low price and in return the state provided agricultural machinery and advice. Stalin had objectives with agriculture, which was essentially to feed the proletariat, and less the peasants. He wanted to produce crops and goods that could be sold abroad to earn foreign currency with which they could buy machines they did not have. It was introduced, according to a number of historians of the time, to fulfil “Stalin’s primary objective”, to support the rapid industrialisation. Collectivisation would also bring regular supply of food for towns, make the collection of grain easier and the yields for export go higher. It also was introduced to mechanise agriculture, implying that the surplus labour would be released for the growing industries.

Some topics in this essay:
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