These include changing family structure; the breakdown of communities, villages, and neighborhoods; cynicism about government and social institutions; the decrease in a sense of security, job performance, or close personal relationships;the decline of genuine spirit

One main cause for violence is the way families function. Children learn response styles mainly through watching and interacting with the people who care for them frequently. Youth can learn to lead nonviolent lives if they grow and develop in positive, caring, supportive families instead of in families with inconsistent caregiver behavior and examples of antisocial actions. Key factors include: early family and home life; presence of caring father; readiness for parenthood; parents abusing each other or their children; drug use by family members; parental unemployment; excessive parental stress (particularly when it leads to inconsistent parenting); attachment between child and primary caregiver; and learned response styles. David Popenoe, author of the article “Life Without Father” (1996); Myron Magnet, author of “The Sixties Legacy to the Underclass” (1993); and Isabel Wilkerson, author of “The Face of Violence” (1994) all mention the breakdown of family structure. Popenoe writes that fathers teach their kids two main traits: “self-control and empathy. People with antisocial and criminal tendencies lack both of these traits” (380). Magnet writes that crime flourishes as a result “of unimaginably weak families, headed by immature, irresponsible girls who are at the margin of the community, pathological in th

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