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Nichomachean Ethics

In Aristotle's Nicohmachean Ethics the term virtue refers to a state that exists within the soul. Virtue is a state that allows one who posses it to function and act well as a whole. Aristotle also argues that every action is aimed at some good. To be a virtuous person, one must achieve a mean between extremes. If you are able to achieve this mean you will lead the virtuous life. There are two forms of virtue, intellectual and moral. Intellectual virtues are learned through teaching. Moral virtues are instilled in us from the day we are born. In book one, chapter seven, Aristotle makes it clear that in humans the true virtue of the soul is that of reason. As the text continues Aristotle goes on to argue his point and attempts to prove it through dialogue.

In book one, chapter thirteen Aristotle says, "The division between virtues accords with this difference. For some virtues are called virtues of thought, others virtues of character; wisdom, comprehension, and prudence are called virtues of thought, generosity and temperance virtues of character. For when we speak of someone's character we do not say that he is wise or has good comprehension, but that he is gentle or temperate. And yet, we also praise the wise p


On the opposite end of the spectrum of reason is the virtue of morality. When Aristotle mentions virtue of morality he is basically referring to the moral virtue of being a good and ethical person. This type of virtue is acquired though habituation. Moral Virtue is learned through habituation because it does not arise in us by nature. For example the senses of seeing and hearing are instilled in us at birth. One does not have to practice seeing or hearing to employ them to work, they come naturally to us, and hence they are in us by nature. On the other hand Moral virtue has to be practiced and reinforced through repetition so that it comes to us as a second nature. If moral virtue came to us by nature, children would be born virtuous, but this is not the case. Rather we see children constantly being told by their elders what is wrong and what is right. In everyday life we can see virtue of character being transmitted to younger generations.

In conclusion, Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics is able to offer an explanation of how we justify our actions as moral and therefore how we should live. Aristotle wants people to not strive for excess as well as to not accept deficiency. The mean is presented as an objective target, which the person aims to hit by the way he chooses to deal with his emotions, and by his choice of action. This good person is the person who has the virtues aiming at fine and right actions. To A

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Approximate Word count = 967
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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