Rising victoriously from the ruins of the collapsed Second Empire, the Paris Commune succumbed heroically under the hail of bullets from the Versailles counter-revolution. The Commune was a turning point of decisive importance. It stands at the threshold of the modern age of imperialism.
The Commune resulted from the determined organizational efforts of radical clubs formed in the aftermath of the Second Empire’s collapse. These associations sought to push the country’s timid new republican government to the si