On David Hume And Rene Descartes
“There are more things in heaven and Earth than dreamt of in your philosophy” (Shakespeare, 211). This quote from William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark presents quite an idea. It suggests that in our modern philosophy we have not even began to scratch the surface of what causes the nature of things around us. Our philosophy is centered on the idea of cause and effect or interaction with the external world or for some philosophers being aware of certain and necessary truths. Descartes focus on the concept of methodological doubt and the concept of innate knowledge and oppose against Hume’s experimental knowledge and cause effect relations. From my perspective whether a person realizes it, every standpoint that they argue from is based on a cause and/or its effect. There isn’t necessarily anything wrong with this, but most people don’t bother to analyze what the true connection is between a cause and it’s effect. David Hume does an outstanding job of presenting a point of view that many people do not consider at all. He asks what is this connection and what makes us impose this connection immediately. If all of our findings are based on causes and their
In science classes, instructors stress the importance of determining causation. The modern scientific method allows for many ways to describe every imaginable characteristic of something. These descriptions lead to more rigorous testing and further detailed descriptions. When finding these descriptions, a scientist knows that what they are doing is describing an object or event. Causation is only inferred at one point in the scientific method and then another scientist repeats the method to test the quality of the newfound cause. This repetition happens many times and if the cause and effect relationships hold true throughout many clever and in depth experiments, then they are considered an accurate description of how something works (Myers 13 - 45). Now according to Hume, even though we have tested thousands of times on causation, we still do not understand what in the “necessary connection” between the two. Though we do not understand the connection, Hume suggests that our findings will probably hold true to our liking because we almost always consider these findings in a similar condition. What about mathematical proofs and geometric theorems? Hume addresses these ‘Relations of Ideas’ that are discoverable through our operations of thought. These findings do not depend on things that exist in the universe. This is further support to the reliability of our scientific truths because our execution of science in nature revolves greatly around the principles of the truly infallible mathematics. Our scientific truths, however unfailing they may seem, even by definition in science, they are not considered to be absolutely certain for everything. Luckily we live in a habitual society and chaos doesn’t throw all of our findings out the window. Hume states that we are all creatures of custom. Therefore we are safe with our scientific truths because our custom allows these truths to exist in customized environments. Hume goes on later to wonder, what if something disrupts this custom or nature? Such a disruption is commonly referred to as a miracle says Hume. Since we are essentially ignorant to that which we have not seen before, then the men who attested to miracles could have been completely wrong about what they saw or its meaning. Hume goes o
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Approximate Word count = 1541
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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