Peter Paul Rubens
Born in 1577 in a small German town called Siegen, Peter Paul Rubens lived a successful life of an artist. From birth he led a wealthy life with his father, Jan Rubens, from a family of spice merchants. Jan was a successful lawyer in Antwerp before fleeing from the city to escape the religious war. His life crumbled, however, when Jan died in 1587, leaving his wife to raise Peter and his brother and sister. He left school at the age of thirteen to serve as a page. It was here that he had the opportunity to copy prints from artist such as Durer and Holbein. He began formal classes in 1591 with Adam van Noort in his studio. He then moved onto being an apprentice to Otto van Veen. Van Veen had notable influence upon Rubens’ early style. Van Veen was also a member of the Romanists, a group of Flemish painters who studied in Italy. This group brought the influences of Renaissance painters such as Michelangelo and Raphael into their paintings. By 1598 he had been admitted into the Guild of St. Luke which allowed him to obtain his own studio. He had his own pupil at this time as well who was Deodat van der Mont. In 1600, they headed south arriving in Venice. There, he studied paintings by Titain, Tinterett
in the painting. With its biblical subject, it expresses serenity and classicism. His friend and patron Rockox commissioned this triptych in 1611. On the left wing shows the Presentation of the Temple and on the right is the Visitation. On the outside shows the legend of St. Christopher and the Hermit. Together they represent the guild’s patron saint. They also present a gradual compositional descent to the right and the centre the lowering of the dead Christ. The extraordinary situation is placing the body of Christ against the pure white sheets. In 1628, Rubens was able to enjoy the royal gallery of paintings as he joined General Ambrogio Spinola in the court. Rubens formed a friendship with Velazquez, the young Spanish painter working in the court. By 1629, England was ready to negotiate with Spain and needed an exchange of ambassadors. Philip IV gave By March 1621, Rubens was widely known as “the painter of princes and the prince of painters”. He traveled to Paris in 1622 to help the queen of France, Mariz de’ Medice to draw plans for the decoration for the two main galleries in he new Luxembourg Palace. While in Paris, he met Nicolos-Claude Fabri de Peiresc. Peiresc initiated Rubens’ secondary tapestry commision, The Marriage of Constantine. The painting is of a marriage of Contantine to Fausta and Constantia, Contantine’s sister to Licinius. He portrays the marriages with Roman decorations and within the temple of Jupiter and Juno. Their expressiveness foreshadows the pieta designed by Rubens was requested to send his self-portrait to Charles I in England. This is a classic example of an aristocratic portraiture with Peter Paul standing beside a Rubens remarried in 1630 to Helena Fourment. She inspired many of his personal and public portraits. The marriage brought him five children, of one, which was born after his death. Soon after his marriage, he designed his last tapestry for his father-in-law, Daniel Fourment. Briseis Returned to Achilles, which contained many mythological counterparts. With his successful d
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