Industrial Revolution
Before the first industrial revolution, England's economy was based on its cottage industry. Workers would buy raw materials from merchants, take it back to their cottages and produce the goods at their home. It was owned and managed by one or more people who were generally close to the workers. There was a good worker/boss relationship that was destroyed by capitalism. This industry was efficient but the longer it took one person to manufacture a product the higher the price. Goods were high in price and limited only to the wealthy people. In the year 1733 the demand for cotton cloth was high but production was low. This crisis had to be solved or England's economy would collapse. The answer came from a British weaver, John Kay, who invented the flying shuttle this invention cut weaving time in half. John Kay’s invention paved the way for numerous inventors. At first many workers didn't accept machines and many inventions were destroyed By the 1750's the industrial Revolution had begun. People’s lives was drastically changed during the industrial revolution. People were living in germ infested, crowded and very unhealthful conditions, much like their work place. Children and women worked in harsh conditions. People we
The invention of the telegraph is usually credited to Samuel F. B. Morse (1791-1872). Although he did invent the Morse code, the real credit should be given to two Englishmen, William Cooke (1806-1879) and Charles Wheatstone (1802-1875). Cooke became intrigued with the telegraph in 1836, when he saw the demonstration of an early system given by a Russian diplomat. The two men teamed up and devised an instrument that contained six wires and five operating needles, rather than a wire for each letter of the alphabet, which was common in other contemporary telegraphic devices. In 1839, they installed a telegraph line along the Great Western Railway and it was used initially to report on the position of trains. Railway signaling was virtually nonexistent up until this time. The Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph holds two world's records: it was the first telegraph to be offered to the public as a commercial service and it represents the first use of electricity in a commercial enterprise in the world. Inventions during this time were strictly limited to cotton weaving. Inventions like the spinning jenny and the water-powered frame provided ways of spinning yarn faster. The spinning mule, the power loom and the cotton gin, all helped the manufacture of cotton goods by speeding up the process also. Mass production had begun along with capitalism. Capitalist, people who had their own materials, money and space bought many machines and stored them in a factory where they hired people worked the whole day manufacturing goods for them. Eventually the factory system replaced the cottage industry. Mass production made usually expensive items, such as shoes, less expensive and affordable to the lower class and less wealthy people. From such an inauspicious beginning, Edison and other inventors like George Westinghouse were soon supplying power not only to electric lights, but also to electric motors and eventually to appliances in millions of homes and factories across the country.The second industrial revolution utilized the power of electricity to help them develop their technology and help social and home life. Michael Faraday, a British scientist, demonstrated how an electric current could be made. This concept and principle is still in use today. Electricity improved life by supplying people with light, and electricity to power machines. Communications improved as a result of electricity. The telephone and telegraph were the first communicational devices that were for public use. With the development of technology radio waves were discovered. Now messages could be sent over long distances. Medicine before the 1750's and in the 1750's wasn't well developed. Once infection set in nothing was possible to save the patient. Various diseases couldn't be stopped or controlled because of the limited technology. In the 1850's vaccinations were discovered, administered and used to control infections and diseases. X rays were also discovered and provided doctors with a faster way of diagnosing medical problems. Louis Pasteur discovered and fabricated a way to eliminate all germs in milk. Called pasteurization, this technique is still being used on all milk. It was Bessemer's discovery of for making steel cheaply that led to its use in the construction industry. The skyscraper was the product of George A. Fuller (1851-1900). George A. Fuller went to Chicago and set up business as a building contractor, where his firm built the Tacoma Building in 1889. This was the first structure ever built in which the outer walls carried no burden and served no purpose other than to keep out the elements and provide a cosmetic facade. Eventually he and an architect, Daniel Bumham, were called to New York to design and build an office building on a small triangular plot of land in downtown Manhattan. Fuller told the landowners that he could construct a 21-story building that was twice the height that he could achieve if they limited him to conventional
Some topics in this essay:
British Parliament,
Faraday British,
Isaac Singer,
Richard Trevithick,
John Kay,
Henry Bessemer,
Edison Swan,
Eli Whitney,
Marie Curie,
,
industrial revolution,
steam engine,
l9th century,
cottage industry,
george fuller,
separate condenser,
flying shuttle,
steam engines,
sewing machine,
electric power,
internal combustion engine,
decade l9th century,
Join now to see the rest of the essay!
Approximate Word count = 3185
Approximate Pages = 13 (250 words per page double spaced)
More Essays on Industrial Revolution Professional Papers: |
CUSTOMER SERVICES
|
|
Saved Papers
You haven't saved any papers.
|