th to signify and to affect sanctity and justice.”

The catholic religion uses sacraments as rites of membership, rites of passage, and definitions of the faith. These sacraments have powerful, emotional, and social significance in today’s society. Many people define their commitment to their religion by the fact that they participate in these sacraments. There was a time in the very recent past that participation in the sacraments acted as a quasi-caste system defining who may marry whom, etc.

The sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick was initiated by Christ to give spiritual aid and comfort and perfect spiritual health, including, if need be, the remission of sins, and also, conditionally, to restore bodily health, to Christians who are seriously ill. The sacrament requires the priest to anoint those who are ill or near death with oil, which has been blessed by the bishop. He must touch the organs of the five senses (eyes, ears, nose, lips, hands), and of the feet. When the individual is a man, it is possible the priest will also touch the loins and say the following: "Through this holy unction and His own most tender mercy may the Lord pardon thee whatever sins or faults thou hast committed by sight [by hearing, smell, taste, touch, walking, carnal delectation].” (The touching of the loins is generally, if not universally, omitted in English-speaking countries, and it is of course everywhere forbidden in case of women.) To perform this rite correctly can take a considerable amount of time. When this is not possible because death is likely to occur before it can be completed, the priest can perform the anointing on the forehead with the words: "Through this holy unction may the Lord pardon thee whatever sins or faults thou hast committed."

The principle effects of sacraments is said to be a “two-fold” grace. The first part is comprised by the individual who performs the sacrament. The grace of a sacrament produced by the dead is “first grace” and those that are produced by the living is known as “second grace.” The second part is made up of the “sacramental grace,” which is the grace needed to attain the end of each sacrament.

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