According to one report, mothers who smoke at least ten cigarettes per day, cause their children under five to have nicotine and other cancer causing chemicals in their bloodstream. (Buhle)

Blood tests showed that children with mothers who did not smoke and were not around any other regular smokers in the household had mean level of PAHs(polyaromatic hydrocarbons, implicated in causing cancer) of 0.15 femotoles/microgram. Children of mothers who did not smoke, but were sometimes around another regular smoker in the household had a mean level of 0.18. Children around mothers who smoked had a mean level of 0.35. The mothers were light smokers, averaging 10 cigarettes a day and none smoked as much as a pack a day.(Buhle)

The original purpose of this study was to identify markers in children’s blood to be used to gauge the amount of smoke to which the children had been exposed. It is thought that this data will be useful later in long-term studies to see what dose of passive or second-hand smoke causes cancer in later life.(Perera)

Another study conducted by Ellis J. Nuefeld,M.d.,Ph.D., and his colleagues at Bosto

In 1993 the EPA reported that passive smoking is responsible for approximately 3000 lung cancer deaths a year in non-smokers in the United States. The Science Advisory Board (SAB) at the

In June of 1994 a report was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (Fontham) that analyzed data from 653 women with confirmed lung cancer and 1253 randomly selected female controls. The investigators found that passive smoking significantly increased the risk of lung cancer. The excess risk was 24% for household exposure to tobacco smoke, 39% for workplace exposure and 50% for exposure in social settings. Of particular interest was the data that showed the women who were exposed in childhood and adult life had a risk of cancer which was more than three times the risk of non-exposed women.(Pharminfonet)

evidence that acute administration of nicotine improves attention and information processing.(ASA)

Some topics in this essay:
RJ Reynolds, Buhle Blood, Association Fontham, Paediatric Society, Los Angeles”ASA, Children’s Hospital, Smoker’s Alliance, Association ASA, , Bayard EPA, tobacco smoke, lung cancer, second-hand smoke, children mothers, passive smoking, mean level, mothers smoke, children mothers smoke, environmental tobacco, household mean, cigarettes day, environmental tobacco smoke, household mean level,