Sigmund Freud

 
 
Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856, in what is now Pribor, Czech Republic. When he was four years old, Sigmund’s family moved to Vienna, and he lived there until the very last year of his life. Sigmund was the first of seven children and was always his mother’s favorite. Growing up Freud was extermely ambitious and intelligent. In 1873, he entered the Vienna University and began to study medicine. There he was driven by a desire to study natural science, and tried to solve questions that plagued the scientists of the day. He then received his medical degree, but remained at the university as a demonstrator in the physiological laboratory. In 1886, Sigmund Freud married Martha Bernays, and he reluctantly gave up his physiological research so he could start a private practice in neurology- he needed the money.

From 1895 to 1900 Freud developed many of his ideas that would later be the basis for his psychoanalytic doctrine. In 1981 Freud published his first work, On Aphasia. In this work he studied a neurological disorder in which the ability to pronounce words or to name common objects is lost because of an organic brain disease. Soon Freud developed his idea of free association. He based his theory on observations of his

 
 
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Many things result from these structures of personality. For example, anxiety occurs when the id and superego overpower the ego. If a solution doesn’t occur than the ego may temporarily reduce the anxiety by distorting thoughts through the process of ego defense mechanism. Repression is the most fundamental ego defense mechanism. Repression is just unconscious forgetting. Anxiety thoughts are pushed out of the consciousness into the unconscious. Another ego defense mechanism is displacement. Displacement occurs when emotional impulses are redirected to a substitute object. This object is usually less threatening. Freud named a special form of displacement sublimation. Sublimation is responsible for the creative contributions of people. Sublimation involves turning sexual urges into more productive, socially acceptable, and nonsexual activities.

The next section of personality is the ego. The ego is partly conscious and represents the organized, rational, and planning parts of the personality. The ego operates on the reality principal. This principal is the ability to postpone gratification until the appropriate time exists in the external world. The third section of personality is the superego. Simply put, it is one’s conscious. The superego tells a person what they should and shouldn’t do.

patients and self-analysis. With the help of free association, Freud believed that he was able to uncover forgotten memories of his patients. Patients would spontaneously report the first word or image that came to their mind when prompted. In his book, Studies on Hysteria, Freud described several of his studies. Its publication, in 1895, marked the beginni


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Approximate Word count = 1136
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