Many would claim that to define history is to define the past whether it be days, months, years, etc. In addition, the events and situations that have taken place are then transformed into a written testimony. According to Theophile Obenga, Ph.D., history is “the study of past human events due to the historical method.” History also signifies learning by inquiry, meaning making examinations and accusations towards certain situations by asking questions. In other words, “history can be defined as a discipline, which is a branch of knowledge that systematically deals with past events (Obenga). One of the main methods used to uncover the past is the historical method. This method reveals history as a science. To study history

Maat (that which must be)can de defined as “the goddess of truth, justice and reality, and she was represented as a young woman standing or seated, wearing a tall, white ostrich feather on her head” (Obenga). She is known for being able to control the movement of the stars, along with seasonal flooding of the Nile. The symbolization of the feather represents as being very fragile, while being able to perform its purpose. The color white symbolizes a mix of purity and courage: purity of heart, purity of spirit, and the purity of the courage of inner truth (Johnson).

Maat carried the basic laws for creation, and the formation of the universe. Without life and Maat, there is no possibility of creation, movement, dynamics and differentiation. This must be guided by an ordering, structuring, and regulating principle (Johnson). Maat’s primary focus is on living, preserving life and trying to live life with truth and justice (Obenga). Maat ensures balance and rebirth (from the sun rising to the sun setting) giving order to all values. Everything in Kemet is built according to Maat such as the temples, and all places of worship as well as everything in life. Humans, animals, nature, etc. are all linked to Maat, and must be in balance with divine order, cosmic order, social order, and living state. Maat represents the elevated notion of moral and perfection, which is (1) order, (2) justice and truth, and (3) felicity supreme (think and act according to what is true, normal and harmonious).

The basic guidelines used to make history is (1) recording written or oral documents (source of information), (2) analyzing and correlating documents of particular sources, and (3) critiquing and explaining the events (Nash). When examining and mentally illustrating past events there must be intellectual honesty with methodology and reason when making history. In addition, there must not be bias opinions. One of the main questions that are asked to understand history is what makes it so important? History helps us to understand our ancestors, genealogy, and our lives to create memories. Moreover, there must be a past, present, and future to satisfy the human condition. Memory (recalling past events), and consciousness (feelings towards events) makes us who we are today. Lack of historical consciousness and history can cause a person to feel vulnerable to a certain cultural

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