B. The time period of the Renaissance

III. Civilization of the Renaissance

B. The trade impact of civilizations

V. Art and its influences of the Renaissance

A. What the art expressed about Renaissance life

Social Factors that influenced the Renaissance

The Renaissance was a cultural movement that began in the early 1300s and ended in about 1600. The movement started out in Italy and spread to England, France, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands and other countries. The Renaissance overlapped a period in European history called the Middle Ages. The word Renaissance itself comes from the Latin word rinacere and refers to being reborn. The term has been applied metaphorically to a wide variety of phenomena ranging from an experience in the life history of

an individual to the characterization of the culture of an entire epoch (Gilmore 379).

During the Renaissance many European scholars and artists studied the art and way of learning of Ancient Greece and Rome. They wanted to recapture the essence and spirit of the Greek and Roman cultures in their own artistic, literary, and philosophic works. The Renaissance represented a rebirth of these cultures and is also known as the revival of antiquity (learning).

During the 14th century, it opened with great humiliation of the papacy, with repetitions of disaster. The papacy tried to reassert traditional claims to the leadership of the united church. Instead of providing spiritual direction in a rapidly changing world, the papal court was preoccupied with the development of its administrative machinery and the collection of revenue. The return to Rome in 1378 was followed by the Great Schism. This was the split between French and Italian factions in the Curia. Two popes competed for the allegiance of the troubled Christian world. Other problems also occurred with other popes who were concerned with politics instead of religion, the promotion of their families, or the patronage of culture, and weakened the church’s ability to influence the worldly society. Under these conditions local and national forces continuously tried to challenge the papal control over the church.

The Renaissance itself will always be associated with achievements in literature, art, and music. Its contributions to the arts depended closely on the social changes. The aspects of life started to change which made it a favorable atmosphere for artistic experiment and innovation. Wealth stored up in the towns supported the artists and writers. The are was mainly secular, but the townspeople were calling for more varied types of work which included the tastes and interest of the people. Like in many other aspects of human activity, the Renaissa

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