The major underlying question is if the systematic murder of the European Jews was formulated before World War II or during it. Was the destruction, removal, and annihilation of the Jews part of his overall plan for the German empire? This debate between the Intentionalists (Hitler had the idea of removal/murder all along) and the Functionalists (Other solutions towards anti-Semitism did not work; murder was the only option) is verbalized in the opinions of the three authors. Dawidowicz is an ultraintentionalist and argues that as early as 1919, Hitler had decided to exterminate the European Jews (Browning, 97). Schleunes argues that although Hitler had voiced, as early as 1919, his wishes to exterminate the Jews

In conclusion, Hitler’s decision for the murder of the European Jews was not a decision he made in 1919 or in his strong anti-Semitism presented in Mein Kampf. However, the gradual power he attained as well as his wishes to make Germany a pure nation (which could only be done with the “removal” of the Jews) led to a lengthy, unorganized process, which ultimately formed his Final Solution. The extermination of over six million Jews during the Holocaust of World War II was the end product of a complex maze of political, social, economic and military actions that remain much of an enigma today. Where such action is never accepted, pardoned or even totally understood, the factors and history behind the events leading to the formulation of the Final Solution can be appreciated for its historical content. Hitler’s mistrust and hate of the Jewish people almost wiped them out while the world watched and almost refused to assist [the Jews]. Even upon his defeat in World War II, Adolf Hitler blamed the Jews for his defeat and for the evils of the world, crimes that they still had not atoned for.

from Europe, he continues by stressing the different meanings of the word exterminate. Exterminate can also mean emigrate, or removal from Europe – not necessarily murder. He continues by arguing that there was no centralized “extermination” of Jews for a long time until the late 1930s. Upon failure of all the different, independent methods to remove the Jews, extermination through murder seemed to most feasible to the German cause. Browning, in his article, presents both extremes than offers an insight of his own as a “moderate functionalist”. He does not deny the significance of Hitler’s anti-Semitism, just argues that the conscious extermination of the Jews was not derived well in advance (1919) from Hitler’s anti-Semitism. All three views offer explanations while all three agree that the relationship between Hitler’s anti-Semitism and the origin of the Final Solution remain controversial, although each author holds his own particular view.

I feel that the Final Solution meant more the removal of Jews from Germany and from German social and political life.

Some topics in this essay:
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