They say the last sentence of the quote is wrong, because we know that habits are passed from parent to child only by instruction or example. No life experience can affect the genes that are handed down to

offspring (Wright 1994). The main thing of Darwin’s theory of natural selection was that it did not require the inheritance of acquired traits, as has the previous evolutionary theories, such as Jean-Baptiste de Lemarck’s. Darwin saw this beauty which caused him to stress mainly the pure version of his theory. But as he grew older he was willing to us more in doubt mechanisms to solve very issues, such as the origin of the moral sentiments (Wright 1994).

In the case of human beings their original designed was made in a completely different environment then what they live in now. People live in cities and suburbs where they watch TV and drink beer, and the whole time their feelings are pulling them in opposite directions to spread their genes in a small hunter and gather population (Wright 1994). Some people that this is why they are not pursuing any particular goal. Game theorists also want to follow a few simple rules. Their first rule is that the object of the game should be full genetic proliferation, and their second being that the game should be a mirror of what reality was like in the ancestral environment. The final step is to find what feelings would lead human beings to take on this strategy. According to theory those feelings should be a part of nature and should have been passed on from generation to generation (Wright 1994).

Trivers, which suggestions from William Hamilton started a game called the prisoner’s dilemma. This game is when two people that committed a crime together are being interrogated separately and have a tough decision in front of them (Wright 1994). The state does not have the evidence to convict them of the crime that they committed but can get them on a lesser charge, meaning a one year prison term for each of them. The prosecutor wants a harder sentence so he pressures each of them to confess and accuse the other (Wright 1994). He says if you confess and your partner does not I will let you off, and will use what you said to put your partner in jail for ten years. But the other way is if you do not confess but your partner does then you go away for ten years. But if you confess and so does your partner I will put you both away for only three years (Wright 1994). Most people that were in this position would weigh their options and decide to confess on their partner. This way you are better confessing so you get three years in prison, instead of the ten you would get if he would have confessed and you did not. But then say he does not tell on you and you confess then you get off free whereas if you would have keep your silence you would have gotten a year (Wright 1994). So most people would say to betray your partner, but if both cheat on each other they will end up in jail for three years. If they would have just stayed faithful to each other and kept their mouths shut they would not have gotten anything. If the two partners in crime would have been allowed to talk it over and make an agreement they bother would have been better off, but it does not work that way (Wright 1994).

The theory also has evidence in the natural world saying it can evolve without the comprehension of humans just as long as the animals in question are smart enough to recognize individual neighbors and their past deeds whether knowing what is going on or not (Eibel-Eibesfeldt 1989). Williams in 1966 had noted that the existence of mutually supportive and long lasting coalitions of rhesus monkeys, and said the solicitous behavior of porcupines might also be reciprocal. Vampire bats that were not mentioned by Trivers or Williams also are reciprocally altruistic (Eibel-Eibesfeldt 1989). Any bat can have success at night sucking blood from cattle, horses, and other victims. Since blood is highly perishable, and bats do not have refrigerators the scarcity faces individual bats quite often, and individual scarcity invites

Some topics in this essay:
William Hamilton, Game Theory, Williams Trivers, Edward Westermarck, Animals-1872 Wright, Selection Williams, Trivers Williams, wright 1994, Biology Wright, Lemarck’s Darwin, , reciprocal altruism, eibel-eibesfeldt 1989, prisoner’s dilemma, wilson 1975, confess partner, 1994 people, natural selection, wright 1994 people, environment wright 1994, dilemma eventually, prisoner’s dilemma eventually, social scientists, ten confess partner, favor wright 1994,