Very early, he establishes the analogous of natural selection in the domestic setting: ¡§The key is man¡¦s power of accumulative selection: nature gives successive variation; man adds them up in certain directions useful to him¡¨ (Darwin 30). Darwin applies this concept in animals (pigeons and l

One can visualize the strength of this balance, by the geometric growth potential; that a single species, if unchecked, could overpopulate the earth in surprisingly few generations. As stated before, it will take a very small shift in the balance to see sever results. ¡§Individuals having any advantage, however slight, over others, would have the best chance of surviving and of procreating their kind¡K [And] any variation in the least degree injurious would be rigidly destroyed¡¨ (Darwin 81). The shift in balance can occur through a new variation developing, or a change in the environment. Due to the interrelationship between species, either cause will affect a wide range of species. The difference with change in environment is that it will allow new species to immigrate, which may be more favored.

Despite the lack of scientific understanding by our current standards, Darwin derives many of the most important concepts of evolution, and he does so with vigorous scientific proof. His main concepts of struggle for existence, the resulting pressure of natural selection, and the consequential divergence of species are still accepted today. Not only does he use numerous examples of species from all over the world and of many different climates, Darwin is able to connect his principles and concepts to the non-scientific community. Only through his persuasive writing is he able to have such an impact on the mostly creationist Victorian England. Strong opposition remains to his theories of evolution to this day, but almost overnight, Darwin shifted the masses from traditions and beliefs that proceeded him thousands of years that were deeply embedded in tradition.

Darwin¡¦s next step in the formation of his argument is to develop natural selection (so far only observed in domestic settings) to nature. Since every single organism produces a large multiple of offspring, in order for populations to remain constant, only a small fraction of individuals born can survive. This causes ¡§a struggle for existence, either one individual with another of the same species, or with the individuals of distinct species, or with the physical conditions of life¡¨ (Darwin 63). This struggle produces the setting for natural selection.

Natural selection will also favor variability in both domestic and wild plant species. Farmers have for many centuries known that crops grown on a plot of land must be rotated or the soil will not be able to produce as much. Darwin cites an experiment where two plots are sown: one with one species of grass, and another with several distinct species and genera of grass. The one with the mixed variety grew more individuals and produced a greater mass of vegetation. It can be therefore said that ¡§nature follows what may be called a simultaneous rotation¡¨ (Darwin 114). Therefore it can be generalized in all organic forms of life that the struggle for existence will drive species to utilize a new strategy of life that no other species uses or uses well.

Migration is another effect that would cause our image of discreet species. It is generally accepted that climate in a given region can change, thus allowing better adapted species to take advantage of the new conditions of life, and to multiply. Fossil records are not only incomplete in the sense of time, but also in geographic coverage. Therefore when we first observe a new species through fossil formations, ¡§the probability is that it only then first immigrated into that area¡¨ (Darwin 294).

Darwin begins his analysis of nature by establishing the base of which natural selection acts upon: variation. This discussion naturally leads to ways to quantify variation, which we attempt to do through terms such as species, sub-species, variety, individual differences, and Darwin¡¦s own terms ¡§well-marked variety¡¨ and ¡§incipient species¡¨. Of these terms, ¡§no one definition has as yet satisfied all naturalist; yet e

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