Guatemala and the CIA
In 1944, Guatemala entered their ‘ten years of springtime’ with the democratically elected president Juan Jose Arevalo. He began the institution of reforms that were aggressively continued by the socially aware president Jacobo Arbenz Guzman. Guzman took office in 1951 with a list of planned programs, some of which being land, employment and social reforms. Under the auspice of communist infiltration, the United States and its corporations were concerned that Guatemala represented ‘…a serious threat to hemispheric solidarity and to our security in the Caribbean area.’ The National Security Act (NSA) of 1947, and the creation of the CIA because of that act, radically changed the direction and methods United States foreign policy would take. The NSA act helped create a secret government within a legitimate government willing to overthrow democratically elected leaders in favour of multinational U.S. corporations and puppet dictators. The situation in Guatemala in the early 1950s motivated the United States to use overt and covert action to destabilize and overthrow the government of Guatemala. The Central Intelligence Agency’s orchestrated coup in 1954 ended Guatemala’s fledgling democracy, making it the zeni
The unprecedented situation that unfolded between September 11, 1953 and July 1, 1954 was close to failure. By September 1954, Guzman was in exile in Mexico and Armas was officially the new president of Guatemala. The CIA and State Department sent agents into Guatemala on July 4, 1954 to retrieve the government documents and identify any Soviet connection to the arms shipments and political ideals. Upon arriving at the government offices they found 150,000 papers, most pertaining to local significance. Upon further examination by researchers from outside of the CIA, the documents were found to contain no influence of an outside communist agenda. Bethell, Leslie. Ed., The Cambridge History of Latin America Volume VII 1930 to the Present. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1990. United Fruits’ other main mouthpiece to the sources of power was Thomas G. Corcoran. He had a ‘…network of well placed friends in business and government… [CIA white-out]… [that would calm]…bureaucratic waters when an occasional regulator found peculiarities in the airlines’ activities.’ Both public relations men spun the situation in Guatemala to the point where there was a more perceived threat to American hemispheric instability. Two of the most important articles contained in the charter, pertaining to foreign government involvement, were articles nine and fifteen. Under article nine, it clearly states that any member state may ‘…organize itself as it sees fit.’ With this article in place it would be of no question how Guatemala set up its democracy. When considering the actions taken against Guatemala in 1954 there should have been no concerns. Under article fifteen, Bernays would whip up media and political sentiment against Guatemala in the commie-crazed 1950s. Articles appeared in the New York Times, the New York Herald Tribune, The Atlantic Monthly, Time, Newsweek, The New Leader, and other publications all discussing the growing influence of Guatemala's Communists.
Some topics in this essay:
United Fruit,
Desire American,
Arevalo Arevalo,
Guatemala CIA,
Liberation CIA,
Guatemala July,
Departments Defense,
Act NSA,
Marxism-Leninism Party,
Marxist Communists,
central intelligence,
latin america,
united fruit,
director central,
director central intelligence,
intelligence agency,
arevalo government,
central intelligence agency,
cold war,
land reforms,
central intelligence electronic,
public relations,
jacobo arbenz,
intelligence electronic reading,
guatemala’s fledgling democracy,
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Approximate Word count = 3321
Approximate Pages = 13 (250 words per page double spaced)
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