Niels Bohr
Neils Henrick David Bohr was born on October 17, 1885 in Copenhagen, Denmark. His mother and father were Christian and Ellen Bohr. He had one brother, Harold, and one sister, Jenny. His father, a physiology professor, was mostly responsible for Bohr’s early interest in physics. In October 1891 he was enrolled in Grammelholm Grammar School, which he attended until his acceptance into the University of Copenhagen in 1903. There he majored in physics but also took classes in mathematics, astronomy, and chemistry. While at the University, he received an award from the Academy of Sciences in Copenhagen for his experiments on surface tension using oscillating fluid jets. The work for this experiment was done in his father’s laboratory and his results were published in “Transactions of the Royal Society” in1908. From that point, his studies became more theoretical. His thesis was an entirely theoretical paper on the properties of metals using electron theory entitled “Studies on the electron theory of metals”. That paper is still considered a classic on the subject. In 1911, Bohr went to Cambridge, England, to work in the Caven
After the development of the bomb, Bohr became very politically active. He opposed the complete secrecy that the United States and England kept regarding their atomic arsenals and strove to promote international cooperation. He wanted international regulation of nuclear weapons. He returned to the University of Copenhagen after his work on the bomb was completed and focused on peaceful uses for atomic energy. In 1955 he organized the first Atoms for Peace Convention. In 1957 he received the first Atoms for Peace Award. In 1997 the element with the atomic number 107 was given the name bohrium (symbol Bh) in his honor. He served on many committees, including the Danish Cancer Committee. He was the President of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences, and Chairman of the Danish Atomic Energy Commission. When World War II began Bohr was trapped in Denmark during the German occupation of the country and due to his mother’s Jewish background, he was forced to flee with his family to Sweden. From there they went to England where Bohr worked with the British in the development of atomic weapons. Shortly after his arrival in England he traveled to the United States wi
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