us threat to local shrimp nurseries and wildlife refuges. In February of 1990, 300,000 gallons leaked from a damaged tanker off Southern California, fouling miles of shoreline. In the Niger River delta, in Nigeria, Shell pipelines have repeatedly burst. In 1970 oil spilled across 8 square km, which remained contaminated for over 20 years. According to the U.S. Coast guard, the incident rate post is only 0.5 spills per year. In fact, there have been no large spills over 5,000 barrels from tankers in the US since 1991. The US Coast Guard data shows that the amount of oil spilled by tankers has decreased dramatically. Worldwide pollution from tanker spills is a relatively minor source of marine pollution. It only represents a small fraction of the oil released to the environment, when it is being compared to industrial waste, non-tanker shipping, and oil seepage from natural resources. Ships are but one part of an overall safety system that includes charting, aids to navigation, the condition of channels, and the resources that the Coast guard can bring to ensure standards are being met. The United States suffers from measurable neglect in portions of it’s marine infrastructure. The Refuse Act, which was first enacted in 1899, makes it a crime to allow refuse to enter navigable waters. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act, makes it a crime to kill certa

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