We know that presently computers can only use the intelligence that is load in it. It is not capable of thinking anything else as human minds can do so. All the moves that computer makes are based on the series of calculations and this all based on the positions of the pieces on the chessboard.

A computer chess program like Deep Blue makes its move by using its evaluation function. The evaluation function is an algorithm that measures the chess position. Positions with positive values are good for ‘White’ and positions with negative values are good for ‘Black’ (IBM Research – Deep Blue – Overview).

Here is where I think that human has the upper hand while playing chess with an artificial intelligence. Hum

“Although Man has done a pretty good job in creating his own complexities here on Earth, they're still nowhere near what Nature has done on her own”(Artificial intelligence vs. Human intelligence).

Another important point is that Howard’s mentioned is that intelligence suddenly changed in the last 30 years, while several putative causal factors had been present since 1920, such as the fact that chess became a popular sport, many millions played. Also chess participation rate was very high, chess was taught in schools and factories, and was identified early and given special training, sizeable government salaries, and overseas travel. Howard’s reasoning is that if these factors, rather than rising general intelligence, were the explanation for the decreasing age of younger chess top players after 1970 (Howard 1999).

Also “The human brain is the most complex part of the human body if not the most complex subject known to human kind. Although a computer may work on a complicated series of circuits and processors it is a relatively simple item to understand in comparison to the human brain. So many important functions of the brain is beyond our understanding and has un-quantifiable properties”(Artificial Intelligence). Thus a simple program, which uses artificial intelligence by no means, is capable of beating a complex human brain.

an chess players use their skills, ju

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